With increasing prosperity, Western European youth is having a fling that is creation distinctive consumer and cultural patterns. The result has been the increasing emergence in Europe of that phenomenon well known in America as the "youth market". This is a market in which enterprising businesses cater to the demands of teenagers and older youths in all their rock mania and pop-art forms. In Western Europe, the youth market may appropriately be said to be in its infancy. In some countries such as Britain, West Germany and France, it is more advanced than in others. Some manifestations of the market, chiefly sociological, have been recorded. But it is only just beginning to be the subject of organized consumer research and promotion. Characteristics of the evolving European youth market indicate dissimilarities as well as similarities to the American youth market. The similarities .. The market’s basis is essentially the same — more spending power and freedo
A. factual.
B. critical.
C. favorable.
D. ambiguous.
Passage Four
The first European stock exchange was established in Antwerp, Belgium(比利时) , in 1531. There were no stock exchanges in England until the 1700’ s. A man wishing to buy or sell shares of stock had to find a broker(agents) to transact his business for him. In London, he usually went to a coffee house, because brokers often gathered there. In 1773, the brokers of London formed a stock exchange.
In New York City, brokers met under an old button-wood tree on Wall Street. They organized the New York Stock Exchange in 1792. The American Stock Exchange, second largest in the United States, was formerly called the Curb Exchange because of its origin on the streets of New York City.
A stock exchange is a market place where member brokers buy and sell stocks and bonds (债券) of American and foreign businesses on behalf of the public. A stock exchange provides a market place for stocks and bonds in the same way a board of trade does for commodit
A. the Wall Street Exchange
B. the New York Stock Exchange
C. the Curb Exchange
D. the U. S. Exchange
Unlike their American or European counterparts, car salesmen in Japan work hard to get a buyer. Instead of lying lazily around showrooms waiting for customers to drop by, many Japanese car salesmen still go out to get them. They walk wearily along the streets selling cars door-to-door. New customers are hunted with fruit and cakes on their birth- days. But life is getting tough, and not just because new-car sales are falling.
With more Japanese women(who often control the household budget) going out to work, the salesmen increasingly find nobody at home when they call. That means another visit in the evening or at the weekend. Then they face an extra problem: more people, especially the young, prefer to choose a new car from a showroom where they can compare different models.
Even as late as the mid-1980s some 90 percent of new cars were sold door-to-door. In some rural areas most new cars are still sold this way. But in the big cities more than half the new cars
A. a labor shortage
B. higher expectations among Japan's workforce
C. high cost land
D. both A and B
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