Passage Four
The first European stock exchange was established in Antwerp, Belgium(比利时) , in 1531. There were no stock exchanges in England until the 1700’ s. A man wishing to buy or sell shares of stock had to find a broker(agents) to transact his business for him. In London, he usually went to a coffee house, because brokers often gathered there. In 1773, the brokers of London formed a stock exchange.
In New York City, brokers met under an old button-wood tree on Wall Street. They organized the New York Stock Exchange in 1792. The American Stock Exchange, second largest in the United States, was formerly called the Curb Exchange because of its origin on the streets of New York City.
A stock exchange is a market place where member brokers buy and sell stocks and bonds (债券) of American and foreign businesses on behalf of the public. A stock exchange provides a market place for stocks and bonds in the same way a board of trade does for commodit
A. the Wall Street Exchange
B. the New York Stock Exchange
C. the Curb Exchange
D. the U. S. Exchange
Passage Four
When I began reading Catch -22, I thought it was a farcical satire on life in the United States Army Air Force. Later I believed that Mr. Heller’s target was modern war and all those who are responsible for waging it. Still later it seemed that he was attacking social organization and anyone who derives power from it. But by the end of the book it had become plain to me that it is——no other phrase will do——the human condition itself which is the object of Mr. Heller’s outraged fury and disgust.
A reviewer must always keep an anxious eye on the state of his currency. If he announces too many masterpieces he risks inflation (though it is sometimes forgotten by some of us that the cowardice of perpetual crabbing (挑剔) receives its own kind of punishment). It does not seem many weeks since I was proclaiming that Malcolm Lowry’s Under the Volcano is one of the great English novels of the century; and
A. focuses on the horrors at the human condition
B. has little or no connection with reality
C. distorts reality so that it becomes unrecognizable
D. must be seen to be rooted in reality
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