[不定项选择题]资料：Italy's next government, a coalition between the populistFive Star Movement and the far-right Northern League, is giving investors plenty to worry about. Leaked plans, hastily abandoned, suggested it might want to leave the euro or ask the European Central Bank to forgive €250bn（$292bn） of Italian debt. But less attention has been paid to what it might mean for Italian banks, and in particular for their biggest burden: non-performing loans（NPLs）. Over €185bn of NPLs were outstanding at the end of 2017, the most for any country in the European Union. （1） By comparison with Greece where NPLs are 45% of loans, Italy looks manageable with just 11.1%. And it has made progress: in late 2015 NPLs were 16.8% of loans. But any wild policy lurches would put that progress in question. The clean-up of banks’ books has relied on openness to foreign investors. Huge volumes of NPLs（€37bn in 2016 and over €47bn in 2017, according to Deloitte, a consultancy） have been sold by banks, often to specialist American hedge funds like Cerberus Capital Management or Fortress. （2） These so-called vulture funds may find life harder under the new government. Given the importance of being able to repossess the collateral for secured loans, NPL investors have been taken aback by a proposal to prevent any action against a debtor without the involvement of a court. This would run counter to efforts to increase the use of out-of-court settlement for collateral across the EU. （3） The future of GACS, a scheme for providing an Italian government guarantee to the senior tranches of NPL securitisations （with the EU's blessing）, is also in question. Despite a slow start in 2016, it has come to play a large role. An NPL sale last year by UniCredit, a large bank, worth€l7.7bn, was subject to the scheme. Another €38bn-worh of Italian NPL deals in progress will be too, according to Debtwire, a news service. But investors now worry that GACS will not be renewed once it expires失效 in September, contrary to previous plans. （4） European regulators have made a concerted effort to deal with NPLs. In March the European Commission proposed laws to make cross-border operations easier for debt （5） Markets have deepened in tandem. As well as the specialist funds doing large deals,more options for trading NPLs have emerged. One example is Debitos, a trading platform that started in Germany and that allows investors to trade in NPLs from 11 European countries, including Italy and Greece. Most of its sales are between €50m and €200m and interest often comes from local investors, says Timur Peters, its founder—for example, from individuals who buy property—backed NPLs as a way to acquire those properties. （6） A liquid pan-European market in NPLs ought to prevent banks’ bad loans from accumulating and threatening their stability, as during the most recent crisis. But Italy would, because of its sheer size, be the largest source of such loans for the foreseeable future. And any market with real doubts about the largest supplier is almost certain to be a stunted one. （7） Which of the following goes against the interest of investors of NPLs?
A.The increasing use of out-of-court settlement for collateral across the EU.
B.The GACS which may not be renewed after September.
C.The new trading platform for trading NPLs.
D.The laws that guarantee cross-border operations.

[不定项选择题]资料：Italy's next government, a coalition between the populistFive Star Movement and the far-right Northern League, is giving investors plenty to worry about. Leaked plans, hastily abandoned, suggested it might want to leave the euro or ask the European Central Bank to forgive €250bn（$292bn） of Italian debt. But less attention has been paid to what it might mean for Italian banks, and in particular for their biggest burden: non-performing loans（NPLs）. Over €185bn of NPLs were outstanding at the end of 2017, the most for any country in the European Union. （1） By comparison with Greece where NPLs are 45% of loans, Italy looks manageable with just 11.1%. And it has made progress: in late 2015 NPLs were 16.8% of loans. But any wild policy lurches would put that progress in question. The clean-up of banks’ books has relied on openness to foreign investors. Huge volumes of NPLs（€37bn in 2016 and over €47bn in 2017, according to Deloitte, a consultancy） have been sold by banks, often to specialist American hedge funds like Cerberus Capital Management or Fortress. （2） These so-called vulture funds may find life harder under the new government. Given the importance of being able to repossess the collateral for secured loans, NPL investors have been taken aback by a proposal to prevent any action against a debtor without the involvement of a court. This would run counter to efforts to increase the use of out-of-court settlement for collateral across the EU. （3） The future of GACS, a scheme for providing an Italian government guarantee to the senior tranches of NPL securitisations （with the EU's blessing）, is also in question. Despite a slow start in 2016, it has come to play a large role. An NPL sale last year by UniCredit, a large bank, worth€l7.7bn, was subject to the scheme. Another €38bn-worh of Italian NPL deals in progress will be too, according to Debtwire, a news service. But investors now worry that GACS will not be renewed once it expires失效 in September, contrary to previous plans. （4） European regulators have made a concerted effort to deal with NPLs. In March the European Commission proposed laws to make cross-border operations easier for debt （5） Markets have deepened in tandem. As well as the specialist funds doing large deals,more options for trading NPLs have emerged. One example is Debitos, a trading platform that started in Germany and that allows investors to trade in NPLs from 11 European countries, including Italy and Greece. Most of its sales are between €50m and €200m and interest often comes from local investors, says Timur Peters, its founder—for example, from individuals who buy property—backed NPLs as a way to acquire those properties. （6） A liquid pan-European market in NPLs ought to prevent banks’ bad loans from accumulating and threatening their stability, as during the most recent crisis. But Italy would, because of its sheer size, be the largest source of such loans for the foreseeable future. And any market with real doubts about the largest supplier is almost certain to be a stunted one. （7） Which is incorrect about the chart?
A.The total loans of Italy were about €1667bn in the year of 2017.
B.The proportion of the NPLs in total loans of Greece is the highest among all.
C.Greece had much more total loans than that of Spain in spite of lower NPLs.
D.France had most total loans in the list of about €4350bn in 2017.

[不定项选择题]资料A市甲股份有限公司（以下简称甲公司）成立于2006年3月，从事化工产品生产，是增值税的一般纳税人。2010年5月，甲公司召开董事会会议，拟审议通过下列事项：更换公司总经理和财务负责人，更换由职工代表担任的公司董事，修改公司章程的部分条款。2011年8月，甲公司经证券监督管理机构核准，开始向社会发行股票募集资金；同年12月，甲公司股票在证券交易所上市交易。2012年10月，甲公司董事刘某参加董事会会议期间，获悉本公司将收购乙上市公司的股份，可能对甲公司股价产生较大影响，于是立即电话通知朋友赵某买进甲公司股票。2013年1月，甲公司因排放污染物超标，被A市环保部门处以5万元罚款；甲公司对处罚决定不服，向人民法院提起行政诉讼。2013年5月，甲公司向小规模纳税人丙公司销售一批化工产品，开具的普通发票上注明的销售价款为58.5万元。 甲公司就销售给丙公司化工产品所取得的收入计算增值税时，销项税额为：
A.1.5万元
B.1.76万元
C.8.5万元
D.9.95万元