[不定项选择题]Passage 2 The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illness are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration （FD A） has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. Why do farmers give drugs to their animals?
A.To speed up the growth of animals.
B.To make the animals fatter.
C.To make the animals' meat fit to eat.
D.To make the animals' meat rich in nutrients.

[不定项选择题]Passage 2 The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illness are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration （FD A） has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. The world ‘this’ in the second sentence of paragraph 2 most probably refers to ___.
A.farmer
B.penicillin
C.beef and poultry
D.the fact that farmers often give penicillin to a beef

[不定项选择题]The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additives,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FD A) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '___'.
A.a.trouble-making
B.b.color-retaining
C.c.money-making
D.d.cancer-causing

[不定项选择题]共用题干 Food and Cancer

Medical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and
cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a person's chance of
developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study.They are from American
National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing.
The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people
between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study.They were from the northern central Chinese area of
Linxian.Most of them took vitamins and minerals everyday for five years.
Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and
esophagus.Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high
cancer rate.Researchers divided those people into eight groups.Seven of the groups received different
mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily.The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater
than what American health officials say is needed.The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect.
Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called β-carotene,vitamin E
and the mineral selenium（硒）.The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by
cancer-causing substances.Researchers reported a 1 3 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took
β-carotene,vitamin E and selenium.They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by
strokes from bursting blood vessels.
Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other
countries.They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals.Chinese
officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years.For now officials
reportedly are considering using the results of the study.They want to find a way to improve the health of
people in Linxian and other small towns in China. The results of the study are of great significance to people everywhere.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

[不定项选择题]共用题干 Eat to Live
A meager diet may give you health and long life,but it's not much fun-and it might not even be necessary.We may be able to hang on to most of that youthful vigor even if we don't start to diet until old age.
Stephen Spindler and his colleagues from the University of California at Riverside have found that some of an elderly mouse's liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse was young simply by limiting its food for four weeks.The genetic rejuvenation won't reverse other damage caused by time for the mouse,but could help its liver metabolize drugs or get rid of toxins.
Spindler's team fed three mice a normal diet for their whole lives,and fed another three on half-rations.Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed for a month when they were 34 months old-equivalent to about 70 human years.
The researchers checked the activity of 11,000 genes from the mouse livers,and found that-46 changed with age in the normally fed mice.The changes were associated with things like inflammation and free radical production-probably bad news for mouse health .In the mice that had dieted all their lives,27 of those 46 genes continued to behave like young genes. But the most surprising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age also benefited from 70 percent of these gene changes.
"This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly,"says Huber Warner from the National Institute on Aging near Washington D. C.
No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in people as it does in mice,but Spindler is hopeful."There's attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work,"he says.
If it does work in people,there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver. As we get ol- der,our bodies are less efficient at metabolizing drugs,for example.A brief period of time of die- ting,says Spindler,could be enough to make sure a drug is effective.
But Spindler isn't sure the trade-off is worth it."The mice get less disease,they live longer,but they're hungry,"he says."Even seeing what a diet does,it's still hard to go to a restaurant and say:‘I can only eat half of that.’"
Spindler hopes we soon won't need to diet at all.His company,Lifespan Genetics in California,is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction. According to the author,which of the following most interested the researchers?
A.The mice that started dieting in old age.
B.27 of those 46 old genes that continued to behave like young genes.
C.Calorie restriction that works in people.
D.Dieting that makes sure a drug is effective.