[不定项选择题]共用题干 The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A.It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.
B.Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.
C.The first lantern wicks were developed there.
D.The first lighthouse in North America was built there.

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[不定项选择题]共用题干 The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor en-trances .The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies .Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the l850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on
pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there—massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earli-est keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly profes- sional. We can know from the passage that the coast of North Carolina is______.
A.rocky eminences
B.high and flat
C.low and sandy
D.high and sandy

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[不定项选择题]共用题干 The First Settlement in North America
It is very difficult to saythat when colonization began.The first hundred years after Christo-pher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North Ameri-can continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south,a great interest in gold and ad-venture,and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part.John Cabot,originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was estahlished as a trader in Bristol,England,when he made a journey in 1497 .But his ship,the Matthew,with its crew of eighteen,did no more than see an island(probably off the New England coast)and return home.He and his son made fur-ther voyages across the north Atlantic,which enahled the English Crown to claima“legal”title to North America.But for a long time afterwards the Europeans,interest in America was mainly con-fined to the Spanish activities further south.
Th e fi rst heginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred yearsa仁 ter Columbus'5 first voyage.The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North Amer-ica for England,calling it Virginia.In 1585 he sent a small group ofpeople who landed in Roano-ke Island,but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led hy Drake,in 1 5 87 .A second group who landed in 1 587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.
The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1 607 .English capitalists founded two Virginia companies,a southern one hased in London and a northern one based in Bristol.It was decided to give the name New England to the northernarea.The first settlers in Virginia were lit-tle more than wage slaves to the company.All were men and the experiment was not very success-ful .Many died.Those who survived lived in miserable conditions.By 1619 the colony had onlya thousand people. The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

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