更多"[单选题]Mind wandering has long been t"的相关试题:
[单选题]Mind wandering has long been thought of as the enemy of concentration,but that's not always true-the right kind of daydreaming can actually help you focus.Read on to discover how to take control of your wandering mind,and other simple ways to stay sharp when deadlines are looming.41.Research by Nilli Lavie at University College London has found that adding deliberate distractions-a jazzy border on a page or a bit of background noise-actually reduces distractibility.Her"load theory"proposes this works because attention is a limited resource,so ifyou fill all the attentional"slots"in your mind,it leaves no room for other distractions.42.The prospect of a treat can keep people focused,but only when it is well-timed,studies show.Offering people small rewards throughout a boring task didn't stop them from losing focus,but the promise of a larger reward that they would receive at the end of the task kept them alert.This approach probably works best with an accomplice to keep you from caving early,says Michael Esterman,at the Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory,who did the research 43.Stopping every now and again to give your mind a chance to wander can invigorate focus,says psychologist Paul Seli of Harvard University."If you say to yourself,now I'm going to think about something unrelated,maybe problem-solve something else that is on your mind,and then come back to your task,That can definitely be beneficial,"he says.44.You might think that an adrenaline boost would focus the mind,but stress actually stimulates the release of hormones,including noradrenaline（去甲肾上腺索）,which bind to receptors in the cognitive control circuits.This in turn makes it harder for them to keep tabs on mind wandering.45.A lack of sleep hammers mental performance in general,and reduces our ability to resist both internal and external distractions.And there's an added bonus-sleep is also important for memory consolidation.In fact,recent research suggests that if you have an hour spare before an exam,a nap could be a more effective use of your time than spending it revising.44选？
A.Bribe yourself
B.Daydream during breaks
C.Get some breaks
D.De-stress
E.Give your mind more to do
F.Have a big meal
G.Test yourself regularly
[不定项选择题]Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.
With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.
The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than ￡900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than ￡210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.
The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.
In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.
Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around ￡500 to ￡5,000. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these “article preparation costs” had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.
Which of the following characterizes the scientific publishing model?
A.Trial subscription is offered.
B.Labour triumphs over status.
C.Costs are well controlled.
D.The few feed on the many.
[不定项选择题]Bill and his family have been living in the same old building for eight years．The landlord (房东)also lives there,and usually all the tenants(房客) get along fairly well with one another．Recently, however,there has been a change in their relations．
A nice, quiet old couple used to live there, too．The old lady would sometimes bring some small cakes she made to Bill' s mother, who in return would give her some meat or help her with shopping．Unfortunately, the old lady died last month．As her husband couldn' t live alone, his grandson moved in．
The grandson,a youth of about twenty, has become a problem to Bill' s family because he is so noisy．Bill' s family members were used to peace and quiet, but the youth likes to listen to his radio late at night．Sometimes his friends came for a visit, and they also made a lot of noise．Everyone in Bill' s family has been bothered by the new comer and getting angry．
Bill' s mother once politely asked the old man if he was able to sleep well at night, but it seemed that he didn' t understand what she meant and so never spoke to his grandson about it．If he did, the grandson apparently didn' t listen, since things have not changed any．Everyone in Bill' s family agrees that something has to be done, but no one wants to hurt the old man' s feelings or cause him any
problems．
What do you think should be done?
The grandson makes a lot of noise as_______．
A.he never cares whether the neighbors might want to live in peace and quiet
B.the walls of the building are thin
C.he likes to listen to his radio early in the morning
D.friends come to visit him
[单选题]How long has Jim （） at this school?
A. arrived
B. come
C. studied
D. gone
[单选题]The project budget has been finalized.Additional work has been discovered that was not planned for in the budget or project scope. (74) could provide the fund to cover the newly discovered work item.
A.Contingency reserve
B.Project profit
C.Management reserve
D.Special fund
[单选题]The maximum penalty for trafficking has been changed from 14 years to life imprisonment.This autumn,new laws,modeled（ ）US legislation,will be introduced to loosen banking and privacy regulations to facilitate investigation and seizure of drug‐earned accounts.
A.after
B.upon
C.against
D.on
[单选题]Consequently,there has been a growing interest in natural foods:foods which do not contain additives and which have not been（ ）by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.
A.effected
B.interfered
C.disturbed
D.affected
[单选题]Text 1 Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents,but in recently years it has been particularly scorned.School districts across the country,most recently Los Angeles Unified,are revising their thinking on this educational ritual.Unfortunately,L.
A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses,homework may no longer count for more than 10%of a student's academic grade.This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework.But the policy is unclear and contradictory.Certainly,no homework should be assigned that students cannot complete on their own or that they cannot do without expensive equipment.But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives,it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a part of schooling;teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want.But with homework counting for no more than 10%of their grades,students can easily skip half their homework and see very little difference on their report cards.Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework,but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework?It is quite possible that the homework helped.Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students,the policy imposes a flat,acrosstheboard rule.At the same time,the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework.If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students'academic achievement,it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments,not make them count for almost nothing.Conversely,if homework matters,it should account for a significant portion of the grade.Meanwhile,this policy does nothing to ensure that the homework students receive is meaningful or appropriate to their age and the subject,or that teachers are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board,which is responsible for setting educational policy,looks into the matter and conducts public hearings.It is not too late for L.
A.Unified to do homework right.
L.
A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students______
A.tend to have moderate expectations for their education
B.have asked for a different educational standard
C.may have problems finishing their homework
D.have voiced their complaints about homework
