[单项选择]Few natural dangers are more feared than avalanches. Avalanches are a familiar part of European history. Particularly in the Swiss and French Alps. This is where the direction of wars has turned almost instantly because of avalanches wiping out invading armies. In North America, avalanches are limited almost entirely to the Rocky Mountains and the lower ranges to the west, the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades. Avalanches have occurred in the mountains of New England but not with the regularity and intensity seen in the western mountains. Several methods are used in explaining and predicting avalanches. Scientists are learning about them using research methods. So many of the factors that create avalanches are hidden beneath the snow"s surface that predictions are still largely guesswork. Therefore, winter travelers must assume the worst of conditions when they traverse the slopes. An avalanche occurs when a given amount of snow becomes too heavy for whatever is holding it in place. It then breaks loose and slides downhill. Avalanches are divided into two general categories, loose snow and slab. A loose snow avalanche usually starts at a single point, such as a skier"s track, and spreads out like a fan or a pyramid in a chain reaction. One crystal breaks another free, which multiples as the loose snow moves downhill. Sometimes these avalanches stop after only a few feet. Sometimes they move thousands of tons of snow downhill in speeds up to 300 miles per hour. This creates a shock wave that can flatten parts of a forest that are not even touched by the actual avalanche. Stab avalanches are those that have a wide area of snow which breaks loose in a large piece. These can range in size from just a few square feel to thousands of square feet of snow. The most dangerous and common type of avalanche for skiers is the so-called "soft slab" avalanche. This type occurs most often during, or just after a heavy snowfall. The snow hasn"t yet had a chance to settle and adhere to the existing snow. The heavier and the wetter the snow and the colder the temperature, the less likely the new snow will form a bond with the existing snow.What would be the best title for this passage
A. Avalanches
B. The History of Avalanches
C. Skiers Beware
D. Avalanches Can Kill

[单项选择]Few natural dangers are more feared than avalanches. Avalanches are a familiar part of European history. Particularly in the Swiss and French Alps. This is where the direction of wars has turned almost instantly because of avalanches wiping out invading armies. In North America, avalanches are limited almost entirely to the Rocky Mountains and the lower ranges to the west, the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades. Avalanches have occurred in the mountains of New England but not with the regularity and intensity seen in the western mountains. Several methods are used in explaining and predicting avalanches. Scientists are learning about them using research methods. So many of the factors that create avalanches are hidden beneath the snow"s surface that predictions are still largely guesswork. Therefore, winter travelers must assume the worst of conditions when they traverse the slopes. An avalanche occurs when a given amount of snow becomes too heavy for whatever is holding it in place. It then breaks loose and slides downhill. Avalanches are divided into two general categories, loose snow and slab. A loose snow avalanche usually starts at a single point, such as a skier"s track, and spreads out like a fan or a pyramid in a chain reaction. One crystal breaks another free, which multiples as the loose snow moves downhill. Sometimes these avalanches stop after only a few feet. Sometimes they move thousands of tons of snow downhill in speeds up to 300 miles per hour. This creates a shock wave that can flatten parts of a forest that are not even touched by the actual avalanche. Stab avalanches are those that have a wide area of snow which breaks loose in a large piece. These can range in size from just a few square feel to thousands of square feet of snow. The most dangerous and common type of avalanche for skiers is the so-called "soft slab" avalanche. This type occurs most often during, or just after a heavy snowfall. The snow hasn"t yet had a chance to settle and adhere to the existing snow. The heavier and the wetter the snow and the colder the temperature, the less likely the new snow will form a bond with the existing snow.According to the passage, how did avalanches affect wars
A. They hid the armies approaching the city aiding in the attack
B. They killed the armies approaching the city
C. They blocked paths into the city
D. They snowblinded the approaching armies

[单项选择]A. Jump more than a few feet into the air.
B. Jump only a few feet into the air.
C. Jump in a curve for a few feet.
D. Jump in a curve for more than a few feet.

[单项选择]A) More than 70 million. C) More than 2000 million.
B) More than 1000 million. D) More than 6000 million.

[单项选择]There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends(红利).
A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "labor-market premium (额外收益) to skill"—or the amount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduates earned—decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复) since the 1980s. In 2005, the typical full-time year-round U.S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $50900, 62% more than the $31500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma.
There’s no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choic
A. Huge amounts of money is being wasted on campus socializing.
B. It doesn’t pay to run into debt to receive a college education.
C. College education is rewarding in spite of the startling costs.
D. Going to college doesn’t necessarily bring the expected returns.

[填空题]

Few gifts are more cherished than a trip, but there are some pitfalls to surprise a loved one with a voyage. You could book a non-refundable flight during a busy time at the recipient’s workplace, for instance. Find out how to avoid the problems of giving a present of a trip, and learn about creative ways to package this unique gift.
(41) Do Your Homework
The gift of a whirlwind trip to Paris sounds great, but what if the recipient can’t even go Do whatever you can first to be sure the recipient wants to go, can go, and can afford to go.
(42) Don’t Make Irreversible Commitments
Even if you are 99 percent sure that the recipient can get time off and is dying to go on this trip, cover yourself. Don’t book non-refundable airfare, and be sure to check cancellation policies for hotel bookings.
(43) Consider the Recipient’s Circumstances
Even if you buy the a

[单项选择]Communicating orally involves more than reading or talking: gesture, posture, movements may all be （　） to it.
A. intrinsic
B. coherent
C. appealing
D. submissive

[单项选择]Communication orally involves more than reading or talking: gesture, posture, movements may all be（）to it.
A. intrinsic
B. coherent
C. appealing
D. submissive

[单项选择]

More than one hundred thousand international students will spend this summer working and traveling in the United States. They are participating in the Summer Work Travel program through the State Department. They receive J-I exchange visitor visas.
The idea is for students to work for up to three months and earn enough money to then spend a month traveling before they return home.
The Exchange Visitor Program, aims to increase global understanding through educational and cultural exchanges.
The Summer Work Travel program has existed for years. This year there are some changes. The State Department recently amended the employment rules. These changes follow a strike last summer by foreign students working at a distribution center for Hershey’s chocolates.
The State Department said the students were put to work for long hours in jobs that provided little or no contact with the outside world. The students complained about having to lift heavy bo
A. avoid hiring regular full-time employees.
B. pay students less money.
C. provide students more part-time jobs.
D. force students to work overnight.