[听力原文]11-15
Nobody knows who first invented the umbrella, but it was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were Chinese, in the eleventh century B. C.. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a sign of honor. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office.
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.
By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made
[听力原文]11-15
Nobody knows who first invented the umbrella, but it was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were Chinese, in the eleventh century B. C.. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a sign of honor. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office.
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.
By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made
[听力原文]
M: The faculty already knows that attending the seminar is a requirement for completing the programme. Why do I need to sign for it
W: It just works that way. They just want to make sure nothing is off track.
[听力原文]11-15
Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand -- he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billion possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.
Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies. Their choices indicate these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beauti
[听力原文]
The Olympic Games were first held at Olympia in ancient Greece as ling ago as 776 B. C. They were held once every four years. The custom lasted for more than 1,000 years, but died out under the rulers of Rome and ceased with the decline of ancient Greek civilization. Then in 1896 the Games were revived. In that year, a Frenchman, Baron de Coubertin, decided to try to start the Games again. He wished to renew those ideals of excellence of body, mind and spirit shown in the classic Greek Olympics. He succeeded, and the modern Olympic Games began in Athens, Greece, in 1896. Since then the Olympics have grown steadily with more and more nations and athletes taking part. Because of the World Wars, they were not held in 1916, nor in 1940 and 1944. They have been regularly held ever since then.
The Olympics present the world’s most important athletic contests. Athletes from all over the world take part in the modern Olympic Games. Any nation may enter a team
A. 776B.C.
B. 667B.C.
C. C. 766 C.
D. D. 767C.
[听力原文]
Men and women who only do office work are called "white-collar workers". Secretaries and receptionists, typists, bank tellers and computer operators work for many different kind of companies. There are big banks that do business all over the world and small banks that serve a single neighborhood or a small town. Big insurance and industrial companies may employ thousands of people who work in tall office buildings, while around the corner an employment agency or a manufacturer’s representative may have a staff of only half a dozen service agents.
Some office workers dream of working their way up to the top from clerk to president of the corporation. If this is to be done, the way lies through middle management positions. Middle management includes junior executives, who will perform specialized jobs, recommend action to top management, and/or see that the company’s policies are implemented, especially those that involve financial matte
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