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[单项选择]1 The many parts of the earth’s atmosphere are linked with the various parts of the earth’s surface to produce a whole--the climate system. Different parts of the earth’s surface react to the energy of the sun in different ways. For example, ice and snow reflect much of it. Land surfaces absorb solar energy and heat up rapidly. Oceans store the energy without experiencing a significant temperature rise. Thus, the different types of surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere at different rates.
2 We can view climate as existing in three domains: space, time, and human perception. In the domain of space, we can study local, regional, and global climates. In time, we can look at the climate for a year, a decade, a millennium, and so forth. Finally, we depend on our perceptions of the data, so we must include our own human perception into our model. Human perception ranges from our personal observations to our public predictions about climate. Human perception mu
A. To explain why humans live in some parts but not in others
B. To show that the entire earth is made of the same materials
C. To compare how various surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere
D. To describe changes in the earth’s appearance throughout the year
[填空题]A variety of gases trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere can ensure life on Earth because they are ______.
[单项选择]The many part of the earth’s atmosphere are linked with the various parts of the earth’s surface to produce a whole---the climate system. Different parts of the earth’s surface react to the energy of the sun in different ways. For example, ice and snow reflect much of it. Land surfaces absorb solar energy and heat up rapidly. Oceans store the energy without experiencing a significant temperature rise. Thus, the different types of surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere at different rates.
We can view climate as existing in three domains: space, time, and human perception. In the domain of space, we can study local, regional, and global climates. In time, we can look at the climate for a year, a decade, a millennium, and so forth. Finally, we depend on our perceptions of the data, so we must include our own human perception into our model. Human perception must be included if our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions. As a society, we make i
A. To explain why humans live in some parts but not in others
B. To show that the entire earth is made of the same materials
C. To compare how various surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere
D. To describe changes in the earth’s appearance throughout the year.
[填空题]S3. If the temperature at the earth’s surface is 20F, the temperature in a coal mine 500 feet below the surface would be _____________________.
[简答题]Most geologists believe that the earth’s primordial ocean was made of ______ from volcanic eruptions.
[单项选择]Scientists generally agree that the earth’s climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years ______ it has warmed in the 20000 years since the Ice Age.
A. as long as
B. as much as
C. as soon as
D. as well as
[单项选择]Scientists generally agree that the Earth’s climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years ______it has warmed in the 20,000 years since the Ice Age.
A. as long as
B. as much as
C. as soon as
D. as well as
[单项选择]
Passage Five
The collapse of the Earth’s magnetic
field—which guards the planet and guides many of its creatures—appears to have
started seriously about 150 years ago, the New York Times reported last
week.
The field’s strength has decreased by 10 or 15 per cent so
far and this has increased the debate over whether it signals a reversal of the
planet’s lines of magnetic force.
During a reversal, the main
field weakens, almost vanishes, and reappears with opposite polarity. The
transition would take thousands of years. Once completed, compass needles that
had pointed north would point south. A reversal could cause problems for
both man and animals. Astronauts and satellites would have difficulties.
Birds, fish and animals that rely on the magnetic field for navigation would
find migration confusing. But experts said the effects would not
A. begun to change in the opposite direction
B. been weakening in strength for a long time
C. caused the changes on the polarities
D. misguided many a man and animal
[单项选择]Earth’s Inner Core
Scientists have long struggled to understand what lies at the planet’s center, Direct
observation of its center is impossible，so researchers must_____(51)to other evidence．
In 1889，a German scientist detected a severe earthquake in Japan．Geophysicists concluded that shock waves_____(52)jolts(晃动)from one side of Earth through the center to the other side．Then in 1936，Danish geophysicist Inge Lehmann studied the waves______(53) to determine that within Earth’s core of molten(熔化了的)iron lies a solid inner core-but_____ (54)that core was made of eluded(难倒)her．Other geophysicists quickly determined that Lehmann’s inner core was composed mostly_____(55)iron. Since then，Lehmann’s discovery has_____(56)conventional Earth science．
But now scientists are challenging traditional theory with new and radical _____(57) For example，Earth’s center could actually contain an“inner core within the inner core，claim Ishii and colleague Adam Dziewonski．Analyzing hundreds of thousan
A. system
B. copy
C. model
D. compound
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