[简答题]71. Vacations were once the prerogative of the privileged few, even as late as the 19th century. Now they are considered the right of all, except for such unfotrunate masses as, for example, the bulk of puplation in certain countries, for whom life, save for sleep and brief periods of rest, is uniterrupted toil.
Vacations are more necessary now than before because today the average life is less well-rounded and has become increasingly compartmentalized. 72. I suppose the idea of vacations, as we conceive it, must be incomprehensible to primitive peoples. Rest of some kind has of course always been a part of the rhythm of human life, but earlier ages did not find it necessary to organize it in the way that modern man has done. Holidays and feast days were sufficient.
With modern man’s increasing tensions, with the stultifying quality of so much of his work, this break in the year’s routine became steadily more necessary. 73. Vacations became mandatory for the

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[简答题]71.Vacations were once the prerogative of the privileged few, even as late as the 19th century. Now they are considered the right of all, except for such unfotrunate masses as, for example, the bulk of puplation in certain countries, for whom life, save for sleep and brief periods of rest, is uniterrupted toil.
Vacations are more necessary now than before because today the average life is less well-rounded and has become increasingly compartmentalized. 72. I suppose the idea of vacations, as we conceive it, must be incomprehensible to primitive peoples. Rest of some kind has of course always been a part of the rhythm of human life, but earlier ages did not find it necessary to organize it in the way that modern man has done. Holidays and feast days were sufficient.
With modern man’s increasing tensions, with the stultifying quality of so much of his work, this break in the year’s routine became steadily more necessary. 73. Vacations became mandatory for the p

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[单项选择]Colleges and universities were once largely removed from the marketplace as they dedicated themselves to the pursuit of ideas, discovery and truth, and to the education of students for the common good. In exchange, they received from society academic freedom, tax exemptions and the public trust.
In today’s world, Professor Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, writes in his new book Universities in the Marketplace: the Colnmercialization of Higher Education, drug companies pour billions of dollars into medical schools, universities sell the right to use their scientific discoveries to industry, and faculty members occupy such industry endowed chairs as the Kmart professor of marketing.
Where commercialism on campuses was once largely confined to athletics, it is now booming in medical schools and research labs, with their ever-increasing need for resources. ①And professor Bok writes, with a depressed economy, federal deficits and state cutbacks in high education all
A. financial security
B. academic freedom
C. public reputation
D. admiration of tax payers

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Most big corporations were once run by individual capitalists: by one shareholder with enough stock to dominate the board of directors and to dictate policy, a shareholder who was usually also the chief executive officer. Owning a majority or controlling interest, these capitalists did not have to concentrate on reshuffling assets to fight off raids from financial vikings. They were free to make a living by producing new products or by producing old products more cheaply. Just as important, they were locked into their roles. They could not very well sell out for a quick profit—dumping large stock holdings on the market would have simply depressed the stock’s price and cost them their jobs as captains of industry. So instead they sought to enhance their personal wealth by investing—by improving the long-run efficiency and productivity of the company.

A. (A) Most big companies are run by individual capitalists.
B. (B) The problem is that there are no incentives for productivity growth.
C. (C) Let’s put capitalists back into capitalism.
D. (D) Individual capitalists or shareholders with enough stock dominate big corporations.

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[填空题]Asia and North America were once connected with ice.

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[单项选择]Geographers were once concerned largely with exploring areas unknown to them and from describing distinctive features of individual places.

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[单项选择]Britain’s east midlands were once the picture of English countryside, alive With flocks, shepherds, skylarks and buttercups--the stuff of fairytales. In 1941 George Marsh left school at the age of 14 to work as a herdsman in Nottinghamshire, the East Midlands countryside his parents and grandparents farmed. He recalls skylarks nesting in cereal fields, which when accidentally disturbed would fly singing into the sky. But in his lifetime, Marsh has seen the color and diversity of his native land fade. Farmers used to grow about a ton of wheat per acre; now they grow four tons. Pesticides have killed off the insects upon which skylarks fed, and year-round harvesting has driven the birds from their winter nests. Skylarks are now rare. "Farmers kill anything that affects production, "says Marsh. "Agriculture is too efficient."The most suitable title for the passage would be
[A] Nitrogen Pollution. [B] Ecological Issues.
[C] Goodbye, Skylarks. [D] Agricultural Advances.

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