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TEXT B

The idea that government should regulate intellectual property through copyrights and patents is relatively recent in human history, and the precise details of what intellectual property is protected for how long vary across nations and occasionally change. There are two standard sociological justifications for patents or copyrights: they reward creators for their labor, and they encourage greater creativity. Both of these are empirical claims that can be tested scientifically and could be false in some realms.
Consider music. Star performers existed before the 20th century, such as Franz Liszt and Niccolo Paganini, but mass media produced a celebrity system promoting a few stars whose music was not necessarily the best or most diverse. Copyright provides protection for distribution companies and for a few celebrities, thereby helping to support the industry as currently defined, but it may actually harm the majority of
A. Countries may differ in their efforts to protect it.
B. The author considers its protection well-grounded.
C. People believe its protection may benefit creators.
D. The history of its protection has not been long.

[单项选择]
The idea that government should regulate intellectual property through copyrights and patents is relatively recent in human history, and the precise details of what intellectual property is protected for how long vary across nations and occasionally change. There are two standard sociological justifications for patents or copyrights: they reward creators for their labor, and they encourage greater creativity. Both of these are empirical claims that can be tested scientifically and could be false in some realms.
Consider music. Star performers existed before the 20th century, such as Franz Liszt and Niccolo Paganini, but mass media produced a celebrity system promoting a few stars whose music was not necessarily the best or most diverse. Copyright provides protection for distribution companies and for a few celebrities, thereby helping to support the industry as currently defined, but it may actually harm the majority of
A. in fact protects a few celebrities.
B. covers the creations of most people.
C. well-known people.
D. unclearness.

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Industry should get rid of half its bosses, says behavioral psychologist Alfred J. Marrow. "Adults are quite capable of handling their lives outside their homes, at their jobs," Marrow said in an interview. They need fewer supervisors and managers, not more.
As president of the American Board of Professional Psychology, he’s heard the complaint from working people over and over again: too many bosses.
If a shirt manufacturer’s customers are returning merchandise because the collars are crooked, he said, the people who make the shirts are more likely than management to identify the problem quickly if they get together to talk about it.
But if the boss comes on as an adversary, bawling them out for bad work and threatening to or actually firing some, the remaining workers will probably react angrily and work will suffer.
He recalled an insurance company in Hartford, Conn. that got about 50,
A. to inform us that people are dissatisfied with their wages and hours
B. to explain that"job enrichment" creates job
C. to suggest that bosses hinder production more than they help it
D. to persuade us to carry out our greater "job simplification"

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{{B}}Text 1{{/B}}