Computer microchips could become
smaller, faster and cheaper, thanks to scientists in the United States who have
developed a speedier method of printing minuscule patterns on silicon
chips. The discovery, by Stephen Chou and fellow scientists at
Princeton University in New Jersey, could allow electronics manufacturers to
increase the density of transistors on silicon chips by 100- fold and streamline
production at the same time. Instead of taking 10 or 20 minutes
to make a computer chip, the electrical engineers have imprinted features
measuring I0 nanometers, or 10 millionths of a millimeter, on a computer chip in
a quarter of a millionth of a second. The achievement, which
could pave the way for more powerful computers and memory chips, is reported in
the science journal Nature. "You just imprint the p A. Become hard again, B. Back to solitude. C. Become liquid. D. Stretch around.
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Computer microchips could become
smaller, faster and cheaper, thanks to scientists in the United States who have
developed a speedier method of printing minuscule patterns on silicon
chips. The discovery, by Stephen Chou and fellow scientists at
Princeton University in New Jersey, could allow electronics manufacturers to
increase the density of transistors on silicon chips by 100- fold and streamline
production at the same time. Instead of taking 10 or 20 minutes
to make a computer chip, the electrical engineers have imprinted features
measuring I0 nanometers, or 10 millionths of a millimeter, on a computer chip in
a quarter of a millionth of a second. The achievement, which
could pave the way for more powerful computers and memory chips, is reported in
the science journal Nature. "You just imprint the p A. It is a replacement for silicon. B. It is a new imprinting technology to make faster, smaller computer chips. C. It is the improved etching method. D. The pattern can be imprinted directly into the silicon.
[单项选择] {{B}}TEXT B{{/B}} Computer programmers often
remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do
any foolish thing they are told to do. The reason for this lies, of course, in
the narrow fixation of the com puting machine’s "intelligence" on the details of
its own perceptions its inability to be guided by any large context. In a
psychological description of the computer intelligence, three related adjectives
come to mind: single- minded, literal-minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing
this, we should at the same time recognize that this single-mindedness,
literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also characterizes theoretical
mathematics, though to a lesser extent. Since science tries to
deal with reality, even the most precise sciences normally work with more or
less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists must maintain
an appropriate skepticism. Thus, for instance, it may come A. indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a great extent on machines B. illustrate his views about the approach of mathematicians to problem solving C. compare the work of mathematicians with that of computer programmers D. provide one definition of intelligence
[单项选择] {{B}}TEXT B{{/B}} Going on computer
may be the toughest job a remodeling contractor ever does. In order to make a
conversion within a year, a company will need to make a major shakeup. This does
not mean it will take a year to start using the computer for one function such
as estimating, accounting, or word processing. The total conversion process will
not be accomplished in a short period with little effort. A contractor in
Indiana recently said he wished someone had warned him about how tough it was
going to be. With an annual volume of more than $ 500,000 and a good staff in
place he still had fear. For effective use of the computer in a
remodeling business, a complete change in methods of doing business usually is
required. All management staff must get involved. Changes may include
pre-selecting and standardizing products and systems. Developing specifications,
changing the estimating system, and requiring more detaile A. several months. B. about a year. C. half a year. D. several years.
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Letting computer viruses loose on a
quarantined computer and recording their pattern of activity could lead to a
better way of spotting them in the "wild". A prototype system
developed at the University of Michigan uses the "fingerprint" of virus activity
to identify them more effectively than existing anti-virus software.
The designers of programs that damage, take over or steal data from
computers—called malware—are locked in an arms race with companies that make
anti-virus (AV) software to prevent and fix malware damage.
Conventional AV software looks for suspicious behavior and then tries to
determine what’s causing it. It does this by looking for virus
"signatures"—chunks of computer code from known viruses. But
identifying previously unknown malware is difficult, and keeping track of
different varian A. There is competition between virus designers and AV companies. B. The definition of "malware". C. Malware designers are locked up by AV companies. D. A metaphoric explanation of how the new AV software is developed.
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