[单项选择] Russian president Vladimir Putin has inadvertently (不注意地) spotlighted one of today’’s momentous mysteries: collapsing birthrates in industrialized countries. Putin proposed that Russia pay women to have children to remedy a "critical" population outlook. Actually, he might have said "desperate." In 2000, Russia’’s population totaled almost 147 million. Russia’’s case, though extreme, isn’’t isolated. There’’s no more population "explosion." In wealthier countries, motherhood is going out of style and plunging birthrates portend population loss. One way or another, the side effects will be massive for economics, politics and people’’s well being. Indeed, they may already have started. Is it a coincidence that Germany and Italy, two countries on the edge of population decline, are so troubled First, some facts. On average, women must have two children for a society to replace itself. The actual number of children per woman is called the "total fertility rate," or TFR. Here
A. should pay women money to have children
B. should stop its process of urbanization
C. should not establish a generous welfare system
D. should impose high taxes

[单项选择] Russian president Vladimir Putin has inadvertently (不注意地) spotlighted one of today’’s momentous mysteries: collapsing birthrates in industrialized countries. Putin proposed that Russia pay women to have children to remedy a "critical" population outlook. Actually, he might have said "desperate." In 2000, Russia’’s population totaled almost 147 million. Russia’’s case, though extreme, isn’’t isolated. There’’s no more population "explosion." In wealthier countries, motherhood is going out of style and plunging birthrates portend population loss. One way or another, the side effects will be massive for economics, politics and people’’s well being. Indeed, they may already have started. Is it a coincidence that Germany and Italy, two countries on the edge of population decline, are so troubled First, some facts. On average, women must have two children for a society to replace itself. The actual number of children per woman is called the "total fertility rate," or TFR. Here
A. of, relating to, or characteristic of critics or criticism
B. forming or having the nature of a turning point; crucial or decisive
C. being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency
D. characterized by careful, exact evaluation and judgment

[单项选择]When did Russian President Vladimir Putin meet with a Japanese business delegation
A. Monday.
B. Wednesday.
C. Thursday.
D. Friday.

[单项选择]How can Mark speak Russian now
A. He can speak it very well even without accent.
B. His accent is so strong that nobody understands him.
C. It is his best foreign language but he doesn’t speak it as well as before.

[单项选择]

Russian government reiterates its position of refusing to provide nuclear energy to Iran in compliance with international demand. True False

[单项选择]Passage One Russian tradition orders that men should kiss each other three times on the cheeks at official functions. Now, a new ruling in Moscow is calling for politicians in the capital to stick to the old handshake. According to Britain’s The Telegraph newspaper, politicians in Moscow have been told to stop kissing each other when they meet because the “kissing ceremony” takes so long. Leonid Brezhnev, the general secretary of the Communist Party from 1964 to 1982, was famous for treating male colleagues to a full lip-lock. One photograph of him kissing Erich Honecker, the leader of the Democratic Republic of Germany, was used for a protest painting on the Berlin Wall with the caption: "Oh, God, help me survive this deadly love". Kissing three times on the cheeks at official occasions is a Russian tradition. The practice has been revived among high-ranking officials in past years. In the distant past, a kiss from the tsar (emperor) was the highest sign of recognition.
A. it is popular at home and abroad
B. it is their tradition
C. it saves time
D. Russian women have a strong love of it

[单项选择]How many people on the Russian submarine survived the accident
A. 20.
B. 21.
C. 167.
D. 208.

[单项选择]US president Obama met with Russian Prime Minister Putin for______.
A. the first time
B. the second time
C. the third time
D. the fourth time

[单项选择]While many Russian composers of tile nineteenth century contributed to an emerging national style, other composers did not ______idiomatic Russian musical elements,______ instead the traditional musical vocabulary of Western European Romanticism.
A. utilize... rejecting
B. incorporate... preferring
C. exclude... avoiding
D. repudiate... expanding

[单项选择]

Leo Tolstoy was a Russian writer and moral philosopher, and one of the world’s greatest novelists. He was born on April 30,1828 and died on Feb. 14, 1910. His writings (1) influenced much of 20th-century literature, and his moral (2) helped shape the thinking of several important (3) and political leaders.
Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born (4) a family of noble landowners at his family (5) south of Moscow. His early education came from tutors at home, but after the deaths of his parents in the 1830s, he was (6) by relatives. He entered Kazan’ University when he was 16 but preferred to educate himself independently, and in 1847 he (7) his studies without finishing his degree. His next 15 years were very (8) . Tolstoy returned to manage the family estate, with the determination to improve himself (9) and physically. Alter less than two years, however, he abandoned rural life (10)
A. recruited
B. joined
C. enjoyed
D. enclosed