Perth is actually a very young city which sits on the north bank of the Swan River. I’m sure many of you have already seen it. Less than 200 years ago the entire city center was an undeveloped wetland. Perth was founded by the British as the Swan River settlement in 1829, although the Dutch had visited other parts of the state much earlier. It grew quite slowly in the beginning, mostly because it was so isolated. There were constant problems with communications, and labor was always in short supply. Then in the 1890s gold was discovered in Western Australia and Perth boomed.
Anyway, there are now around 1.4 million people living in Perth and its suburbs. The city itself has sprawled in all directions and it will take you months to see it all. It stretches from the Darling Ranges—chain of hills—n the east, to the Indian Ocean in the West. It has swallowed Perth’s southern sister city, Fremantle and almost reaches the small township of Yanchep in the
A. In 1892.
B. In the 1980s.
C. In the 1890s.
D. In 1829.
Text 4 The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for offences on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences cause. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of an offence. However, in recent research, Kea
A. They justify any actions that protect them from harm.
B. They view public duty as a justification for accidental, but not intentional harm.
C. They consider the motivation of actions when judging the behavior of other children.
D. They, as doers of harmful acts, disregard the feelings of the children they harm.
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