Last month, James Connolly, a junior at the University of Massachusetts, stood in front of a local police station wearing a toga (长袍) as punishment.
His crime He was charged with underage drinking, illegal possession of alcohol and excessive noise while holding a party.
This shaming punishment has increased in the US in recent years, mostly imposed by local judges for less serious crimes, such as drunk driving and theft.
They believe shame is the best petty crime deterrent(威慑). For example, in Tennessee, Judge James McKenzie has made shoplifters (商店货物扒手) stand outside Wal-Mart with signs that read, "I am a thief put here by order of Judge McKenzie" , "Alternative punishments like community service and fines don’t convey moral condemnation (谴责) of the criminal. "said Dan Kahan, a University of Chicago Law School professor, in an article published on the university’s website. "
A. Holding a sign that announces his or her crime.
B. Publishing his or her name on a website.
C. Apologizing for the crime in front of Wal-Mart.
D. Having to do useful work to help others without being pai
第三篇
Shaming Punishments
Last month, James Connolly, a junior at the University of Massachusetts, stood in front of a local police station wearing a toga (长袍) as punishment.
His crime He was charged with underage drinking, illegal possession of alcohol and excessive noise while holding a party.
This shaming punishment has increased in the US in recent years, mostly imposed by local judges for less-serious crimes, such as drunk driving and theft.
They believe shame is the best petty crime deterrent (威慑). For example, in Tennessee, Judge James McKenzie has made shoplifters (商店货物扒手) stand outside Wal-Mart with signs that read, "I am a thief put here by order of Judge McKenzie".
"Alternative punishments like community service and fines don’t convey moral condemnation (谴责) of the criminal," said Dan Kahan, a University of Chicago Law School professor, in an article published o
A. illegally possessing alcohol
B. smuggling drugs
C. drinking at an illegal age
D. making too much noise at a party
In an interview last month, Frank Church, chairman of the Senate committee which is investigating the CIA, issued an oblique but impassioned warning, that the technology of eavesdropping had become so highly developed that Americans might soon be left with "no place to hide". That day may have arrived. Newsweek has learned that the country’s most secret intelligence operation, the National Security Agency, already possesses the computerized equipment to monitor nearly all overseas telephone calls and most domestic and international printed messages.
The agency’s devices monitor a great deal of telephone circuits, cable lines and the microwave transmissions that carry an increasing share of both spoken and written communications. Computers are programed to watch for "trigger" words or phrases indicating that a message might interest intelligence analysis, when the trigger is pulled, entire messages are tape-recorded or printed out.
A. indirect but enthusiastic.
B. direct but passionate.
C. ambiguous but calm.
D. definite but indifferent.
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