Text 4
Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together—the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.
Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs(黏膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy.
A. the author belongs to the anti-railway group
B. the author belongs to the pro-railway group
C. the author speaks highly of the railway
D. the author may never take train because of its potential dangers
Text 4
Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together—the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.
Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs(黏膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy.
A. tunnels are dangerous to public health
B. the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people' s nerves
C. the rapid speed through the air does damage to people's lungs
D. to those with high blood - pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die
Text 2
Those Europeans who are tempted, in the light of the dismal scenes in New Orleans this fortnight, to downgrade the American challenge should meditate on one world: universities. Five years ago in Lisbon European officials proclaimed their intention to become the world’ s premier "knowledge economy" by 2010. The thinking behind this grand declaration made sense of a sort: Europe’ s only chance of preserving its living standards lies in working smarter than its competitors rather than harder or cheaper. But Europe’ s failing higher-education system poses a lethal threat to this ambition.
Europe created the modern university. Scholars were gathering in Paris and Bologna before America was on the map. Oxford and Cambridge invented the residential university: the idea of a community of scholars living together to pursue higher learning. Germany created the research university. A century ago European universities were a magnet f
A. a review of a fading system and the relevant solution.
B. about the globalization of knowledge economy.
C. a survey of news approaches to higher education.
D. about merits of the European higher-education system.
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