Text 1
You might be forgiven for thinking that sleep researchers are a dozy bunch. Most of the other things people do regularly -- eat, excrete, copulate and so on -- are biologically fairly straightforward: there is little mystery about how or why they are done. Sleep, on the other hand, which takes up more of most people’ s time than all of the above, .and which attracts plenty of study, is still fundamentally a mystery.
The one view shared by all is that sleep matters. For evidence, look no further than the experiments led by Allan Rechtaschaffen and Bernard Bergmann at the University of Chicago in the 1980s. They kept experimental rats awake around the clock in an environment where control rats were allowed as much sleep as’ they wanted. The sleep - deprived rats all died within a month.
Carol Everson worked with the Chicago team as a graduate student and now has a job at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. While
A. couldn' t prove that sleep matters
B. allowed the control rats as much sleep as possible
C. showed that sleep is still fundamentally mystery
D. kept the experimental rats up all day and all night
Text 1
You might be forgiven for thinking that sleep researchers are a dozy bunch. Most of the other things people do regularly -- eat, excrete, copulate and so on -- are biologically fairly straightforward: there is little mystery about how or why they are done. Sleep, on the other hand, which takes up more of most people’ s time than all of the above, .and which attracts plenty of study, is still fundamentally a mystery.
The one view shared by all is that sleep matters. For evidence, look no further than the experiments led by Allan Rechtaschaffen and Bernard Bergmann at the University of Chicago in the 1980s. They kept experimental rats awake around the clock in an environment where control rats were allowed as much sleep as’ they wanted. The sleep - deprived rats all died within a month.
Carol Everson worked with the Chicago team as a graduate student and now has a job at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. While
A. eventually revealed the function o sleep
B. built up at high levels in chronically sleep-deprived rats
C. was similar to that found by researchers at the University of Veron
D. lasted for only 45 minutes
Text 4
Britain’s bosses would have you believe that business in Britain is groaning under red tape and punitive tax levels, inhibiting enterprise and putting British firms at a disadvantage compared with overseas competitors.
As usual, reality paints a far different picture from the tawdry image scrawled by the CBI and Tory frontbenchers. Not only do British businesses pay lower levels of corporation tax than their counterparts abroad but they benefit from the most savage legal hamstringing of trade unionism.
But boardroom fat cats in Britain have one further advantage over their competitors, which is their total inability to feel any sense of shame.
The relatively poor performance since the 1990s of pension investment funds, overseen by the top companies themselves, has brought about a wide-ranging cull of occupational pension schemes. Final salary schemes have been axed in favour of money purchase or have been barred to new employees
A. the bosses
B. the government
C. the CPAG
D. the employees
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