Text 1
You might be forgiven for thinking that sleep researchers are a dozy bunch. Most of the other things people do regularly -- eat, excrete, copulate and so on -- are biologically fairly straightforward: there is little mystery about how or why they are done. Sleep, on the other hand, which takes up more of most people’ s time than all of the above, .and which attracts plenty of study, is still fundamentally a mystery.
The one view shared by all is that sleep matters. For evidence, look no further than the experiments led by Allan Rechtaschaffen and Bernard Bergmann at the University of Chicago in the 1980s. They kept experimental rats awake around the clock in an environment where control rats were allowed as much sleep as’ they wanted. The sleep - deprived rats all died within a month.
Carol Everson worked with the Chicago team as a graduate student and now has a job at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. While
A. eventually revealed the function o sleep
B. built up at high levels in chronically sleep-deprived rats
C. was similar to that found by researchers at the University of Veron
D. lasted for only 45 minutes
Text 1
You might be forgiven for thinking that sleep researchers are a dozy bunch. Most of the other things people do regularly -- eat, excrete, copulate and so on -- are biologically fairly straightforward: there is little mystery about how or why they are done. Sleep, on the other hand, which takes up more of most people’ s time than all of the above, .and which attracts plenty of study, is still fundamentally a mystery.
The one view shared by all is that sleep matters. For evidence, look no further than the experiments led by Allan Rechtaschaffen and Bernard Bergmann at the University of Chicago in the 1980s. They kept experimental rats awake around the clock in an environment where control rats were allowed as much sleep as’ they wanted. The sleep - deprived rats all died within a month.
Carol Everson worked with the Chicago team as a graduate student and now has a job at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. While
A. new ways of inducing sleep is still beyond man' s knowledge
B. consciousness is a crucial part in sleep research
C. the understanding of the purpose of sleep is still hard to achieve
D. we' ve got new insights into the consciousness
Text 4
Britain’s bosses would have you believe that business in Britain is groaning under red tape and punitive tax levels, inhibiting enterprise and putting British firms at a disadvantage compared with overseas competitors.
As usual, reality paints a far different picture from the tawdry image scrawled by the CBI and Tory frontbenchers. Not only do British businesses pay lower levels of corporation tax than their counterparts abroad but they benefit from the most savage legal hamstringing of trade unionism.
But boardroom fat cats in Britain have one further advantage over their competitors, which is their total inability to feel any sense of shame.
The relatively poor performance since the 1990s of pension investment funds, overseen by the top companies themselves, has brought about a wide-ranging cull of occupational pension schemes. Final salary schemes have been axed in favour of money purchase or have been barred to new employees
A. A gloomy future is awaiting the working people.
B. Employees' concern over the schemes is unwarranted.
C. There is also something positive for the employees.
D. Directors don't care sufficiently for the employees' benefits.
Text 2
If you are what you eat, then you are also what you buy to eat. And mostly what people buy is scrawled onto a grocery list, those ethereal scraps of paper that record the shorthand of where we shop and how we feed ourselves. Most grocery lists end up in the garbage. But if you live in St. Louis, they might have a half-life you never imagined: as a cultural document, posted on the Internet.
For the past decade, Biil Keaggy, 33, the features photo editor at The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, has been collecting grocery lists and since 1999 has been posting them online at www. Grocery lists, org. The collection, which now numbers more than 500 lists, is strangely addictive. The lists elicit two-fold curiosity--about the kind of meal the person was planning and the kind of person who would make such a meal. What was the shopper with vodka, lighters, milk and ice cream on his list planning to do with them In what order would they be consumed Was it a he or a sh
A. Buying what it is scrawled on the paper.
B. Recording the shorthand of where we shop.
C. Throwing it into the dustbin.
D. Posting it on the Internet.
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