考博英语-405

试卷详情

考博英语-405
[单项选择]Handwriting analysis (graphology) circumvents the law by frying to determine an employee’s traits (e. g. stability) according to some handwriting group stereotype to which he or she belongs. (Indeed, some graphologists have m little respect for the law and m much confidence in their stereotyping that they have proposed using the technique in lieu of court proceedings to identify and prosecute criminals!) The analysis works by comparing the speed, size, slant, form, pressure, layout, and continuity of an individual’s handwriting with various patterns and typologies, and assimilating this person’s script into these types. As a result the individual judged ceases to be an individual and becomes little more than a composite of traits. This end result differs little from judgments based on race, sex, religion, etc.
Granted, no individual is totally unique. Any evaluation of character, or for that matter skills, turns, in some measure, on employing generic ideas about virtue, vice, and
A. to criticize the practice of asking would-be employees to do non-interview tasks.
B. to criticize current practices by employers in screening future employees.
C. to argue against the analysis of handwriting for the purposes of obtaining a job.
D. to argue against employers who stereotype employees.
[单项选择]The newspaper reported on the initiative of the organization to establish a private company to professionally ______. prisoners due to be released from prison.
A. habilitate
B. rehabilitate
C. preclude
D. prelude
[单项选择]The United Nations Security Council established the ICTR in 1995 to try the alleged perpetrators of the 1994 ______ in Rwanda that claimed the lives of more than 800,000 people.
A. genocide
B. immigration
C. discrimination
D. election
[单项选择]Anxiety is believed to ______ diabetes by raising levels of the stress hormone cortisol, which regulates insulin and blood-sugar levels.
A. impede
B. exacerbate
C. inherit
D. facilitate
[单项选择]At some time around 2300BC, give or take a century or two, a large number of the major civilizations of the world collapsed, in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Israel, Anatolia, and Greece, as well as in Afghanistan and China. All of them the first urban civilizations fell into rain at more or less the same time. A thousand years later, around 1200BC, many of the civilizations of the same regions again collapsed at about the same time.
The reasons for these widespread and apparently simultaneous disasters which coincided with changes to cultures and societies elsewhere, such as in Britain, have long been a fascinating mystery. Traditional explanations included warfare, famine, and more recently systems collapse, but the apparent absence of direct archaeological or written evidence for causes, as opposed to effects, has led many archaeologists and historians into a resigned assumption that no definite explanation can be found.
Over the past 15 years, however, a new type of ’natural disast
A. it occurred simultaneously.
B. it occurred at a time similar to noticeable cultural and social changes
C. there are no written records.
D. all of the abov
[单项选择]If all the viruses on the planet were to disappear, a global catastrophe would, ______.and the natural ecosystems of the earth would collapse in a spectacular crash under burgeoning populations d insects.
A. varnish
B. disperse
C. contaminate
D. ensue
[单项选择]Obviously, the per capita income of a country depends on many things, and any statistical test that does not take account of all important determinants is misspecified, and thus must be used only for descriptive and heuristic purposes. It is nonetheless interesting--and for many people surprising--to find that there is a positive and even a statistically significant relationship between these two variables: the greater the number of people per square kilometer the higher the per capita income.
The law of diminishing returns is not invariably true. It would be absurd to suppose that a larger endowment of land ipso facto makes a country poorer. This consideration by itself would, of course, call for a negative sign on population density. Thus, it is interesting to ask what might account for the "wrong" sign and think of what statistical tests should ultimately be done. Clearly there is a simultaneous two-way relationship between population density and per capita income; the level of
A. for reasons of English language style.
B. because of personal reason of style.
C. in order to highlight their importance.
D. to help the reader avoid confusion.
[单项选择]It is the first of several agreements United States hopes to reach as it attempts to reduce labor costs by ＄ 5.8 billion and ______ bankruptcy.
A. dispel
B. revert
C. transfer
D. avert
[单项选择]The procedures followed by scholars studying literature are often unsatisfactory: the control over a cognitive project as a whole is often lost. The literary scholar seems to be collecting data, which is a preliminary operation, without making use of them. Like a diligent ant gathering food it will never eat, the contemporary literary scholar seems intent upon writing footnotes of a book s/he will never try to read.
I propose that at the outset of a research project it is necessary to render explicitly the questions the scholar will try to answer, what methods will be used and the reason why s/he thinks that it may be worthwhile answering such questions. More over, the work of the people concerned with the study of literature seems casual. For instance, much research is devoted to one author, often on the occasion of an anniversary. Now there is no reason to think that our observations will be more valid, urgent, appropriate, useful, or interesting if the author of the texts we ar
A. research more diligently.
B. establish a clear purpose before commencing research.
C. decrease the number of footnotes.
D. avoid writing special works to celebrate anniversaries.
[单项选择]The solution was simple: gas the building with a hallucinogen and put the terrorists to sleep before they could ______ the bombs in the building. And it worked.
A. detonate
B. dismantle
C. demolish
D. desert
[单项选择]You are exposed to obtrusive ads that ______ seemingly from nowhere even when you are disconnected from the Net, and your personal information gathered and sent off without you being aware of it.
A. size up
B. dwindle away
C. conjure up
D. pop up
[单项选择]Early signs of ______ seen in the herbal medicine study are extremely encouraging and based upon these data, we are now planning a registration program.
A. faculty
B. reception
C. deterioration
D. efficacy
[单项选择]If you develop a reputation for being able to keep secrets others will ______ towards you with useful news and gossip.
A. feel constrained
B. feel excluded
C. propel
D. gravitate
[简答题]My View of Lunar New Year
To Chinese people, the Lunar New Year is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year. Dating back 3000 years, it celebrated the passing of a peaceful year and to welcome a new one.
The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, was de rigueur, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year. Even the absentee members would endeavor to return home in time for it.
It underscored the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aimed at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.
However, with rapid economic expansion and growing westernization, over time, there has been a noticeable erosion, if not abandonment, of the New Year traditions and customs, which are perceived to be out of step with modem lifestyle.
Increasingly, more Chinese would hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs. They find it more enjoyable and physically less
[单项选择]Now illegal copies of music CDs ______ losses of about ＄ 300 million in sales annually and ＄ 65 million in lost government tax revenue.
A. conflict
B. inflict
C. compromise
D. defer
[单项选择]A Monitor/TIPP poll last month found that young people and seniors held similar views when asked to ______ the importance of US military action to remove Saddam Hussein from power in the next months.
A. advocate
B. foresee
C. supervise
D. gauge
[单项选择]After a run of several thousand years, it is entirely fitting that 2000 will be marked as the year the tide turned against taxation. Clay tablets recall the taxes of Hammurabi in the Babylon of 2000BC, but the practice is certainly older. People in power have always tried to divert some of the proceeds of economic activity in their own direction. Lords took feudal dues from their vassals; landowners took tolls from merchants; gangsters took protection money from small businesses; governments took taxes from their citizens. Despite the different names, the principle has remained constant: those who do not produce take resources from those who do, and spend it on altogether different things.
The tide is turning because of the convergence of several factors, in the first place, taxes are becoming harder to collect. Capital is more mobile than ever, and inclined to fly from places that tax to places that do not. Governments do not move their boundaries and jurisdictions as rapidly as
A. taxation is changing and will continue to change.
B. ways of collecting tax have changed.
C. pensions are increasingly being paid out of taxpayer’s money.
D. public money is being misspent in most western countries.
[单项选择]If you work for a major corporation, or are contracted at one, sooner called upon to create or maintain an internal website. Here are the ______ of intranets.
A. ins and outs
B. in a pinch
C. in a cleft stick
D. in a breeze
[单项选择]Last week, the US bishops adopted rules to take priests who______ minors out of any ministerial activities.
A. administer
B. generate
C. implicate
D. molest
[单项选择]Ms. Rice, with customary class, simply expressed hope that this episode wouldn't ______ the charity in spite of the previous scandal.
A. taint
B. enhance
C. sprain
D. sponsor
[单项选择]The European Commission issued a ______ decision on Oct. 29 permitting an alliance between United Airlines, Deutsche Lufthansa and Scandinavian Airlines System that allows them to coordinate prices, schedules and routes in the transatlantic market. It turned out to be well received.
A. automatic
B. landmark
C. obsolete
D. outgrown
[简答题](1)The onrush of cheap communications, powerful computers and the Internet all explain why many people feel that, nowadays, change is happening ever more rapidly as technological progress accelerates. Moore’s law, that the power of microchips doubles every 18 months, has been tested and found correct. This is what gives people the sense of a world shifting beneath their feet.
(2) Yet the implication that rapid change is a new phenomenon is again misleading. If you measure the time it takes for a technology to become widely diffused, today’s experience does not seem unusual. Take the ear. The basic patent for an internal-combustion engine capable of powering a car was filed in 1877. By the late 1920s -- 50 years later-- over half of all American households owned a car.
(3) The comparable dates for the computer are harder to tie down, but the first big computer, based on vacuum valves, was built in 1946. The transistor--the first semiconductor device--was i
[单项选择]Cox Radio, one of the nation's largest radio chains, plan to ______ its ties with independent record promoters to distance itself from a payola-like practice that runs rampant in the music business.
A. consolidate
B. tout
C. sever
D. splash
[单项选择]There is little reason to believe that the United States will ______ from its stated goal of regime change in Iraq.
A. back down
B. blow off
C. pop up
D. step up
[单项选择]First launched in April this year, Net My Singapore also includes efforts that training, development, and the exploration of new technologies based on.
A. obliterate
B. sequester
C. encompass
D. terminate
[单项选择]These examples show that openness and the ability to change brings couples a giant step closer to the marital harmony they ______.
A. request
B. negotiate
C. crave
D. detest
[单项选择]As a psychotherapist with many patients in their 20's, I can ______ the fact that not only do most of them not have any health insurance, but they also do not expect it as a condition of living in this country.
A. attest to
B. contribute
C. modify
D. interdict