[多项选择]Some people say that there should be restrictions against the use of animals in scientific experiments. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view

参考答案:Topic: Use of animals in scientific experiments
Tips, Words and Expressions
General expressions
living animals / animal testing / animal experimentation / laboratory animals / vertebrate animals / invertebrates / purpose-bred / pharmaceutical companies / defense establishments / genetics / developmental biology / behavioral studies / drug testing / toxicology tests / cosmetics testing / defense research / vivisection / torture / suffering / distress / unnecessary abuse / unethical / euthanize / animal rights / animal rights activists / The regulations that apply to animals in laboratories vary across species. / There is general agreement that animal life should not be taken wantonly, and regulations require that scientists use as few animals as possible. / The ethical questions raised by performing experiments on animals are subject to much debate, and viewpoints have shifted significantly over the B0th century. / There remain strong disagreements about which animal testing procedures are useful for which purposes, as well as disagreements over which ethical principles apply, and to which species of animals. / Achievement of scientific and medical goals using animal testing is desirable, provided that animal suffering and use is minimized. / The cost to animals in an experiment be weighed against the gain in knowledge.
The pros
Animals have rights and that it is morally wrong to inflict pain and suffering on defenceless creatures even if there are proven medical benefits for human beings. / It is cruel. / It’s poor scientific practice. / It cannot reliably predict effects in humans. / It’s poorly regulated and the costs outweigh the benefits. / Animals have an intrinsic right not to be used for experimentation. / The practice of animal testing is regulated to various extents in different countries. / Animals were inferior to humans and so different that results from animals could not be applied to humans. / The benefit to humans did not justify the harm to animals. / The ability to experience and respond to pain is widespread in the animal kingdom. / The miserable torture places the body in an unnatural state. / Animal physiology could be affected by pain during experiments, rendering results unreliable. / Alternatives can be developed and some already exist, but they are poorly funded because there a bias towards using live animals. / Inflicting deliberate suffering and cruelty on defenceless animals can never be morally justified, and experiments on live creatures are on a philosophical par with slavery and apartheid.
The cons
Animals have been used throughout the history of scientific research. / Animals have been exploited by man for thousands of years for food, clothing and as draft animals. / Supporters of the practice argue that virtually every medical achievement in the B0th century relied on the use of animals in some way. / Even sophisticated computers are unable to model interactions between molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organisms, and the environment, making animal research necessary in some areas. / Experiments on animals were necessary to advance medical and biological knowledge. / Experiments on animals are entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of man. The effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree. / Any procedure can be performed on an animal if it can be successfully argued that it is scientifically justified. / To save human lives it is permissible to kill animals. / There are currently no alternatives that can be used to replace all animal experiments and, until these alternatives are shown to work, the research on live animals has to continue.