第1题:
[单选题]有线广播站动力用电应按（）计费。A.照明
B.非工业
C.普通工业
D.大工业
参考答案:B
第2题:
[多选题]照明电路产生短路故障的原因()A.接线错误
B.相线与零线相碰接
C.用电器具
内部损坏
D.灯头进水
E.整流器损坏
参考答案:ABCD
第3题: [单项选择]
MM肾损害最主要原因是（）A. 反复肾盂肾炎发作
B. 本-周蛋白对肾小管毒性作用
C. 尿酸性肾病
D. 肾淀粉样变
E. 骨髓瘤细胞肾浸润
参考答案:B
答案解析:多发性骨髓瘤肾功能损害的发生机制：游离轻链（本-周蛋白）和蛋白管型损伤肾小管；高血钙；高尿酸血症等。
第4题:
[单选题]保存杂交瘤细胞株时使用的保护剂是A.聚乙二醇
B.二甲亚砜
C.植物血凝素
D.降植烷
E.石蜡
参考答案:B
考点：杂交瘤细胞株的保存方法。[解析]杂交瘤细胞株最好保存在-196℃液氮中，保存液中小牛血清的浓度为20%，再加入10%的二甲亚砜。
第5题:
[多选题]下列哪些故障将出现零序电压(____)。A. 小电流接地系统发生单相接地
B. AB相间短路
C. 三相短路
D. BC两相接地
参考答案:AD
第6题: [单项选择]
氨曲南的化学结构为（）.A. 氟他胺
B. 非那雄胺
C. 左炔诺孕酮
D. 丙酸睾酮
E. 达那唑
参考答案:C
第7题: [填空题]
17世纪，法国波瓦雅的修道院里有两位学者阿尔诺、兰斯洛合编了一本（）。参考答案:《普遍唯理语法》
第8题: [单项选择]
轻柴油的牌号通常用（）表示。A. 闪点
B. 凝固点
C. 浊点
参考答案:B
第9题:
[简答题]问题同上参考答案:否
第10题:
[判断题]井下探放水应当使用专用的探放水钻机。( )A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:A
第11题: [名词解释]
组织培养参考答案:是指在无菌条件下，分离植物体的一部分（外植体），接种到人工配制的培养基上，在人工控制的环境条件下，将其产生完整植株的过程。
第12题: [简答题]
In the context of corporate governance explain the role of the external company auditors, paying particular regard to the following issues:(a) their qualifications;(b) their powers;(c) their duties. (10 marks)
参考答案:
This question requires candidates to consider the crucially important role of the auditor in relation to companies and the way in which the behaviour of such businesses function and are overseen. The corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the corporation, such as, the board, managers, shareholders and other stakeholders, and spells out the rules and procedures for making decisions on corporate affairs. Auditors have an extremely important role to play in that regard: they are appointed to ensure that the interests of the shareholders in a company are being met. Their key function is to produce independent and authoriative reports confirming, or otherwise, that the accountancy information provided to shareholders is reliable. The law relating to company auditors is to be found in ss.CHD–CID Companies Act (CA) AIHE as altered by CA AIHI. Even where a company has passed an elective resolution to dispense with laying accounts, the accounts are still required to be prepared, audited and circulated. Consequently every company, only excepting dormant private companies, is required to appoint an auditor, who must be appropriately qualified and in other respects eligible (s.CHD(A) CA AIHE). Qualifications The essential requirement for any person to act as a company auditor is that they are, eligible under the rules, and a member of, a recognised supervisory body (s.BE CA AIHI). This in turn requires them to hold a professional accountancy qualification. ‘Supervisory bodies’ are ones established in the UK to control the eligibility of potential company auditors and the quality of their operation (s.C0 CA AIHI). The recognised supervisory bodies are: (a) the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales; (b) the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland; (c) the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland; (d) the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants; and (e) the Association of Authorised Public Accountants. The first four bodies mentioned above are also recognised as ‘qualifying bodies’, meaning that accountancy qualifications awarded by them are recognised professional qualifications for auditing purposes. There still is the small possibility of unqualified but appropriately experienced individuals acting as auditors in relation to what used to be known as ‘exempt private companies’ (s.C CA AIHI). A person is ineligible for appointment as auditor if they are either: (a) an officer or employee of the company (the auditor being specifically declared not to be an officer or employee); and/or (b) a partner or employee of a person in (i) above, or is a partnership of which such a person is a partner (CA AIHI, s.BG). It is a criminal offence to act while ineligible. Appointment and removal Auditors are appointed annually (s.CHE CA AIHE), generally, at each annual general meeting. Where a company has passed an elective resolution to dispense with the annual reappointment of auditors, they are, nonetheless, deemed to be re-appointed automatically for each year. The first auditors are usually appointed by the directors or, in default, by the company in general meetings (s.CHE CA AIHE). The first auditors hold office until the conclusion of the first meeting at which accounts are laid, although they can, of course, be re-elected. If auditors are not appointed, or re-appointed, then the Secretary of State may appoint auditors to act (s.CHG(A) CA AIHE). Under the Combined Code on Corporate Governance, a company’s audit committee must be involved in the appointment and dismissal of both the external and internal auditors. Audit committees must have annual procedures to ensure the independence and objectivity of the external auditor which should involve a consideration of all relationships between the company and the firm carrying out the external audit. An auditor may be removed at any time by an ordinary resolution of the company (s.CIA(A)). This does, however, require special notice. Any auditor who is to be removed or not re-appointed is entitled to make written representations and require these to be circulated or have them read out at the meeting (s.CIAA CA AIHE). An auditor may resign at any time (s.CIB CA AIHE). Notice of resignation must be accompanied by a statement of any circumstances that the auditor believes ought to be brought to the attention of members and creditors (payables), or alternatively a statement that there are no such circumstances (s.CID CA AIHE). The company is required to file a copy of the notice with the registrar of companies within AD days (s.CIB CA AIHE). Where the auditor’s resignation statement states that there are circumstances that should be brought to the attention of members, then he may require the company to call a meeting to allow an explanation of those circumstances to the members of the company (s.CIBA(A) CA AIHE). Rights and duties The auditors have the right of access at all times to the company’s books and accounts, and officers of the company are required to provide such information and explanations as the auditors consider necessary (s.CHIA CA AIHE). It is a criminal offence to make false or reckless statements to auditors (s.CHIA CA AIHE). It should be noted that the Companies (Audit, Investigations And Community Enterprise) Act B00D (C(AICE)A) significantly strengthened the power of auditors. Under s.CHIA of the Companies Act AIHE a company’s auditors were entitled to require from the company’s officers such information and explanations as they thought necessary for the performance of their duties as auditors. It always was a criminal offence for an officer of the company to provide misleading, false or deceptive information or explanations. However, it was not an offence for them to fail to provide any information or explanation that the auditors required of them. That anomaly has been remedied by the C(AICE)A as follows:– s.H of C(AICE)A makes it a criminal offence to fail to provide information or explanations required by the auditor;– s. H also entitles the auditor to require information and explanations from a wider group of people than merely the officers of the company. Consequently employees may now be subject to the auditor’s authority;– subsection H(D) makes it an offence for a parent company to fail to take all steps reasonably open to it to obtain the information or explanations which the auditor has required it to obtain from its non-UK subsidiary and those associated with it; and the offence applies also to any officer of the company who knowingly and wilfully authorises or permits the failure;– s.I requires that Directors’ Reports must contain a statement that the directors are not aware of relevant information which has not been disclosed to the company’s auditors. The directors are placed under the duty to ensure that they have taken all the steps they should have taken as a director to make themselves aware of such information and to establish that the auditors are aware of it. It will be a criminal offence to issue a false statement. The stated purpose of s.I is to ensure that each director will have to think hard about whether there is any information that they know about or could ascertain which is needed by the auditors in connection with preparing their report. Auditors are entitled to receive notices and other documents in connection with all general meetings, to attend such meetings and to speak when the business affects their role as auditors (s.CI0 CA AIHE). Where a company operates on the basis of written resolutions rather than meetings, then the auditor is entitled to receive copies of all such proposed resolutions as are to be sent to members (s.CHAB CA AIHE). Auditors are required to make a report on all annual accounts laid before the company in a general meeting during their tenure of office (s.BCE CA AIHE). They are specifically required to report on certain issues: (a) whether the accounts have been properly prepared in accordance with the Act; and (b) whether the individual and group accounts show a true and fair view of the profit or loss and state of affairs of the company and of the group, so far as concerns the members of the company; (c) whether the information in the Directors’ Report is consistent with the accounts presented. Under s.BCG CA AIHE auditors are required to investigate: (a) whether the company has kept proper accounting records and obtained proper accounting returns from branches. (b) whether the accounts are in agreement with the records; and state: (i) whether they have obtained all the information and explanations that they considered necessary; (ii) whether the requirements concerning disclosure of information about directors and officers’ remuneration, loans and other transactions have been met; and rectify any such omissions. The Companies Act places further duties on auditors relating to such issues as: (a) the valuation of non-cash consideration for share allotment by a public company or a company converting to a public company (ss.DD & A0H CA AIHE); (b) purchase or redemption of own shares by payment out of capital (s.AGC CA AIHE); (c) financial assistance for purchase of own shares (s.AEF CA AIHE). Potential liabilities In Caparo Industries plc v Dickman (AII0) company accounts were audited in accordance with the Companies Act AIHE. The respondents, who already owned shares in the company, decided to purchase more shares and take over the company after seeing the accounts. The accounts were inaccurate. The respondents then incurred a loss, which they blamed on the negligently audited accounts. It was held that, when the accounts were prepared, a duty of care was owed to members of the company (that is, the shareholders), but only so far as to allow them to exercise proper control over the company. This duty did not extend to members as individuals and potential purchasers of shares. The onus was clearly on the appellants in these circumstances to make their own indepedent inquiries, as it was unreasonable to rely on the auditors.
第13题: [单项选择]
外周血可出现靶形红细胞的是（）A. 急性失血性贫血
B. 珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血
C. 溶血性贫血
D. DIC
E. 再生障碍性贫血
参考答案:B
第14题: [单项选择]
管式消声器在管壁内周贴上一层吸声材料，一般用于直径为( )的风管最好。A. ≥500mm
B. ≥600mm
C. ≤400mm
D. ≥1000mm
参考答案:C
第15题:
[单选题]执行铁路重点物资运输任务时铁路局集团公司、（ ）须及时组织召开专题会议，逐级传达铁路重点物资运输任务内容及上级要求，制定执行任务的具体方案。
A.铁路局集团公司
B.铁路总公司
C.车辆段
D.车站
参考答案:C
第16题:
[单选题]电力载波通信技术与配电网高度融合。网络拓扑为（ ）方式，主载波机一般安装在变电站或开关站，从载波机一般安装于配电站或配电设施附近。
A.一主一从
B.多主多从
C.多主一从
D.一主多从
参考答案:D
第17题:
[多选题]汽车库符合下列（）条件可只设一个汽车疏散出口。A. Ⅲ、Ⅳ类汽车库
B. 汽车疏散坡道为双车道的Ⅲ类地上汽车库.
C. 停车数少于100辆的地下汽车库.
D. Ⅱ类修车库.
E. Ⅲ、Ⅳ类修车库.
参考答案:BCDE
第18题:
[填空题]普速铁路高空作业人员作业时必须将安全带系在 的地方。参考答案:安全牢靠
第19题: [单项选择]
下列关于房地产投资信托基金（REITs）特征的表述中，不正确的是（）。A. 由专业投资管理者负责经营管理
B. 收入现金流的主要部分分配给了股东
C. 分为权益型和抵押型两种形式
D. 投资流动性好
参考答案:C
答案解析:
[解析] 房地产投资的形式概述
第20题: [单项选择]
分布式RTU的主要特点是( )。A. 结构简单紧凑；
B. 采用问答式(Polling)和循环式(CDT)；
C. 共用CPU、电源和使用并联芯线；
D. 主机CPU与各功能模板上微处理器各司其职，并通过计算机网络连接。
参考答案:D
第21题:
[多选题]全部上井钻具应逐根验收，钻具的()、级别、长度应与钻井设计要求相符。A.钢级B，规格
B.扣型
C.数量
D.略
E.略
F.略
参考答案:ABCD
第22题:
[不定项选择题]A.75℃，15min
A.62℃，30min
B.62℃，30s
C.135℃，2s
D.75℃，15s
E.超高温瞬间灭菌是
参考答案:D
第23题:
[多选题] 根据集团公司《高速公路养护作业控制区布设与管理规定》,下列关于控制区规定的描述正确的是( )。 ( )
A.人工移动养护作业的警告区参照规定取值300米,弯道、下坡、大流量等路段应根据规范和实际需要相应增长
B.工作区长度一般不超过4公里
C.上游过渡区若涉及在隧道内施工的,应设置于洞外,且取值不少于200米
D.下游过渡区和终止区取值为30米
参考答案:ABD
第24题:
[单选题]下列关于建设工程监理相关制度的表述中，正确的是（ ）。A.项目法人责任制是实行工程监理制的必要条件
B.工程监理制是实行工程招标投标制的重要保证
C.合同管理制是落实工程监理制的重要保障
D.工程监理制是实行项目法人责任制的充分条件
参考答案:A
考核建设工程监理相关制度。选项B错误，工程招标投标制是实行工程监理制的重要保证；选项C错误，工程监理制是落实合同管理制的重要保障；选项D错误，工程监理制是实行项目法人责任制的基本保障。
第25题:
[单选题]单选题安全施工方案交底应由( )负责完成。A.技术负责人
B.编制人
C.审核人
D.安全负责人 "
参考答案:B
第26题:
[单选题]冬季里在中央空调供暖的空房间内将一支温度计裸露在空气中，那么温度计的读数( )。A.高于空气温度
B.低于空气的温度
C.等于空气的温度
D.不确定
参考答案:B
由于温度计裸露在空气中，温度计一方面与室内空气进行对流换热，还会与周围的墙壁进行辐射换热，由于是冬季，室内温度高于室内内墙表面温度，温度计与墙壁的辐射换热是温度计向墙壁散热，温度计的度数低于空气温度。
第27题:
[判断题]向占用线接入列车为一般B类事故。（）A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
第28题: [单项选择]
从晋代一直到唐代，嘲笑一个人土气缺乏良好教养，不懂得上流社会的卫生习惯，往往就会说此人“不识澡豆”。澡豆是魏晋南北朝时发明的高档卫生清洁用品。此前人们盥洗的时候，去除油污的手段基本上只有米汤、面汤以及天然的皂角。澡豆则是以各种豆子研成的细末作为主料，利用豆角天然具有的去除油污的性能来清洁皮肤。
根据这段文字，可以得出结论的是( )。
A. 澡豆是上流社会发明的
B. 澡豆的出现是因为生活水平的提高
C. 普通百姓很少使用澡豆
D. 澡豆的除污能力是米汤、面汤和皂角所远远不及的
参考答案:C
答案解析:[解析] 由文中“澡豆是魏晋南北朝时发明的高档卫生清洁用品”可知，澡豆的价钱应该比较高，所以普通百姓不可能使用澡豆。故选C。
第29题:
[判断题]瘤胃切开术从污染手术转为无菌手术的一步是瘤胃切开。（）
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
第30题:
[单选题]“推优”工作的每次推荐有效期为( )年。A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
参考答案:B
第31题: [单项选择]
β-环糊精包合法（）A. 利用两种具有相反电荷的高分子材料作囊材，将囊心物分散在囊材的水溶液中，在一定条件下相反电荷的高分子材料互相交联后，溶解度降低，自溶液中凝聚成囊
B. 药物与载体共同混合制成高度分散物
C. 将药物包合或嵌入筒状结构内形成超微囊状分散物的操作
D. 将药物分散于囊材的水溶液中，以电解质或强亲水性电解质为凝聚剂，使囊材凝聚包封于药物表面而形成微囊
E. 药物与载体共同溶解于有机溶剂中，蒸去溶剂后，得到药物在载体中混合而成的共沉淀物的方法
参考答案:C
第32题: [单项选择]
下述哪项不是食管癌手术的禁忌证A. 持续性胸背痛
B. 食管严重狭窄
C. 声音嘶哑
D. 锁骨上淋巴结转移
E. 发生食管气管瘘
参考答案:B
第33题: [单项选择]
正常成人妇女乳腺通常不包括的组成内容是（）。A. 平滑肌
B. 腺叶
C. 小叶
D. 腺泡
E. 导管
参考答案:A
第34题:
[判断题]在列车检修时，必须手动将三位转换开关BQS置“接地”位。使高压电路在无电的状态下，可靠接地，避免人身危险。
（ ）
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
第35题:
[单选题]BA001 在锅炉给水中，要求铁的质量浓度应不大于( )。A.5 mg/L
B.0.6 mg/L
C.0.01 mg/L
D.0.007 mg/L
参考答案:C
第36题:
[判断题]抵押贷款和质押贷款的最主要区别在于是否涉及担保物的转移占有。A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:A
第37题:
[单选题]《行政事业单位资产清查核实管理办法》中,清查出的已投入使用但尚未办理决算手续的固定资产,按照( )入账,待确定实际成本后再进行调整。
A. 估计价值
B.市场价值
C.重置成本
D.现值
参考答案:A
第38题:
[多选题]下列项目履量风险中，属于管理风险的有（ ）。A.工作流程组织不科学
B.社会上的种种违法行为
C.项目实施人员自身技术水平的局限
D.采用不够成熟的新结构、新技术、新工艺
E.组织结构不合理
参考答案:AE
2020/2019教材P155
管理风险，即工程项目的建设、设计、施工、监理等工程质量责任单位酌质量管理体系存在缺陷，组织结构不合理，工作流程组织不科学，任务分工和职能划分不恰当，管理制度不健全，或者各级管理者的管理能力不足和责任心不强等。
