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第一篇Can Buildings Be D"的相关试题:
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第一篇
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center,structural engineers are trying hard to
solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable:Can buildings be designed to
withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers,structural engineers from the University at Buffalo
and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research(MCEER)headquartered at UB
traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation.Visiting the site as
part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit,they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about
how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged but still
are standing.
"Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade
Center,those buildings that are still standing,but that sustained damage,"said M.Bruneau,Ph.
D."Our im-
mediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing,while
our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technolo--
gies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,"he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted
on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity.One building a block away from the towers
remains standing,but was badly damaged."This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center
and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,"explained
A.Whittaker,Ph.
D."The
column became a missile that shot across the road,through the window and through the floor."
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises,according to the engineers.For example,the floor
framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged,allowing floors that were pierced by tons ol
falling debris to remain intact. " Highly redundant ductile（有延展性的）framing systems may provide a sim-
pie,but robust strategy for blast resistance,"he added.Other strategies may include providing alternate paths
for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails."We also need a better understanding of the
mechanism of collapse,"said
A.Whittaker."We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how
you can predict it."
A.Reinhorn,Ph.
D.noted that"Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the
past.It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components.So-
lutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and
terrorist-resistant design.Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones
where none exist at present."
What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that_____________.
A.blast engineers should develop new solutions for terrorist-resistant design
B.blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terrorist-resistant design
C.solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D.blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science
[不定项选择题]共用题干
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center,structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable:Can buildings be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts（爆炸）inflicted by terrorists?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the,twin towers,stmctural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering.Research(MCEER)headquartered（总部在某地）atUB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded场the National Science Foundation.Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance（事先考查）visit,they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged but still are standing.
"Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center,those buildings that are still standing,but that sustained damage," said M.Bruneau,Ph.
D."Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing,while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,"he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling (惊人的）detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity.One building a block away from the towers remains standing,but was badly damaged."This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,"explained
A.Whittaker,Ph.
D.
"The column became a missile that shot across the road,through the window and through the floor."
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises,according to the engineers.For example,the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged,allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact." Highly redundant ductile（有延展性的）framing systems may provide a simple,but robust strategy for blast resistance,"he added.Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails."We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,"said
A.Whittaker."We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it."
A.Reinhorn,Ph.
D.noted that"Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past.It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components.Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design.Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present."
What Dr.Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that______.
A.blast engineers should develop new solutions for terrorist-resistant design
B.blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for earthquake-resistant design
C.solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D.blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science
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第一篇
Can Gene Technology Make Human Smarter?
Almost everyone wants to get smarter. To achieve that,some choose to do exercise,others choose to take in more nutritions good for brains.Princeton neurobiologist Joseph Z.Tsien possibly found a different way to make it. In September he announced that he'd built a better mouse by altering a gene that affects learning and memory.A similar process of gene manipulation might conceivably be used one day to boost intelligence in humans.
The key of this technology lies in a feature of brain cells called the NMDA receptor,which Tsien likens to a cylindrical tube or window that mediates the flow of information.When the window is open,chemicals called neurotransmitters flow through easily and memory is registered and stored. But as organisms mature,the window begins to close.(This may explain why children lose their facility for learning new languages when they reach sexual maturity and why some people suffer memory loss as they age.)
Tsien also found out that the receptor worked more efficiently if it is teamed with the gene NR2B,so he introduced extra NR2B genes into a batch of fertilized mouse eggs.In a normal mouse,the memory window is open for just 150-thousandths of a second.In Tsien's specially engineered mice,the window opens for 250-thousandths of a second,long enough to make a remarkable difference in memory retention.When he pitted his mice against common mice,they won paws down.Ordinary mice could recognize a Lego block for 12 hours,but smart mice could remember the block for up to three days."That's a profound enhancement,"Tsien says.
Can this technology be applied to humans?Maybe,but genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first. And some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved. Mean-while,Tsien promises to keep his furry little geniuses locked up in a lab,far from your larder. "Otherwise,"he says,"you might need a smart cat or a smart mousetrap to catch them."
What problems must be solves before this technology is applied to human?
A:Gene must be conceivably manipulated.
A.Genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first and some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved.
B.NMDA receptor is teamed with the gene NR2
C.
D.The smart nice must be locked up in a lab.
