某商厦1993年10月竣工投入使用。商厦共6层,其中地下2层、地上4层,耐火等级为二级,占地面积3500m2,建筑面积8200m2,高20.4m。商厦地下2层是家具商场和货物仓库,家具商场主要经营红木家具、沙发、席梦思床垫、办公桌椅等;地下1层主要经营副食品、百货等。地上1层主要经营小五金、小家电、文体用品、服装、日用品等;2层主要经营服装;3层仅有一些货架摊位;4层东侧和南侧为办公区,北侧有一间会议室,西侧为某歌舞厅KTV包间,中部为某歌舞厅大厅。火灾当晚歌舞厅内有400余人。
2010年12月25日20时许,员工王某在地下1层中部进行焊接操作时,电焊火花顺着钢板上的孔洞掉落到地下2层中部,引起楼梯上的沙发塑料泡沫等物品起火。王某等人发现起火后,用室内消火栓通过孔洞向1层浇水扑救,但火势没有得到有效控制,反而越来越大,他就同其他职工一起逃离现场。
21时35分公安消防支队接到报警后,相继调集31辆消防车、200多名消防人员赶赴火场,随后又请调公安、武警等单位协同作战。由于这次火灾起火部位在该商厦的最底层,东北和西北两个楼梯间上下贯通,着火后形成烟囱效应,在风压的作用下,大量有毒烟雾很快扩散到整个大楼。火灾发生后,该商厦有关人员盲目采取了全楼断电措施,楼内又未设置消防应急照明灯,致使全楼漆黑一片,给扑救火灾和人员营救工作带来了极大的困难。公安消防部队在火灾扑救过程中,共营救遇险人员106人。22时50分火势得到控制,26日0时37分将火彻底扑灭。这起火灾事故造成309人死亡、7人受伤,直接财产损失275.3万元。
The (1) of the fluorescent tube (2) a major revolution in the development of better and cheaper lighting. First shown at the New York and San Francisco World (3) in 1939, this more efficient, more diffuse, longer-lived lamp has been (4) improved, so that slowly it (5) the supremacy of the incandescent household globe. The fluorescent tube (6) Australian homes, shops and factories today is seven or eight times (7) thetubes that brought shadow-free lighting to many of Britain’s wartime factories. Its (8) too, is much greater — from 2, 000 hours in 1940 to mc/re than 7, 500 hours today.
But (9) its (10) use for more than 30 years, the fluorescent tube remains a
(11) to many of its users. It is built (12) a completely different (13) from the incandescent light. In the incandescent bulb, a tungsten wire (14) than a human hair, is brought to white-hot temperat
A. survives
B. remains
C. lasts
D. continues
One of the most important results of research into ageing has been to pinpoint the significance of short-term memory. This faculty is easily (1) as ageing advances. What seems to (2) is that information is received by the brain, (3) scans it for meaning in order to decode it at some future time. It looks as if the actual (4) of the short-term memory itself may not change too much (5) age. A young man and a man in his late fifties may (6) be able to remember and repeat a(n) (7) of eight numbers recited to them. But what (8) change is that when the older man is asked to remember anything (9) between the time he is first given the numbers to memorise and the time he is asked to (10) them, he will be much less likely to remember the (11) numbers than the young man. This is because the scanning stage is more easily (12) by other activities in (13) people.
In (14) liv
A. will
B. would
C. does
D. did
由某企业承建的某多功能现代化商务综合大厦,地上46层,地下3层,全现浇钢筋混凝土框架一剪力墙结构,主体结构采用泵送混凝土等新技术。在工程施工中发生如下事件:
事件一:本工程地下水位较高,约为-0.5m,开挖范围位于淤泥质土体内,含水量大,施工必须事前采取降水措施,因基坑围护是采用地下连续墙,具有较好的挡水和抗渗性能。结合实际情况,决定采用井点降水并编制了降水施工方案。
事件二:该工程按全月规定的总工期计划,应于某年某月某日开始现场搅拌混凝土。因承包商的混凝土搅拌设备迟迟不能运往工地,承包商决定使用商品混凝土,但被业主否决。而在承包合同中未明确规定使用何种混凝土。承包商不得已,只有继续组织混凝土搅拌设备进场,由此导致施工现场停工,工期拖延和费用增加。
事件三:根据地质勘察资料、上部结构形式、荷载和施工条件等情况,基础施工采用人工挖孔扩底灌注桩与平板式筏形基础,板厚2m,桩基承台连同地下室的筏形基础同时展开施工。基础底板厚2m,桩基承台厚1.8m,混凝土强度等级C40,抗渗等级P8。由于承台和筏板混凝土浇筑量大,在开始阶段施工中出现了少许裂缝。
为确保施工质量,项目部制定了以下控制裂缝的措施:
(1)优先选用普通硅酸盐水泥拌制混凝土,并适当加入木质素磺酸钙减水剂。
(2)在保证混凝土设计强度等级的前提下,适当提高水灰比,减少水泥用量。
(3)降低混凝土的浇筑温度,控制混凝土内外温差在30℃以内。
(4)分层分块逐步浇筑,加强养护,及时对混凝土进行覆盖保温、保湿材料。
(5)预埋冷却管,通入循环水将混凝土内部降温。
事件四:在进行办公楼大厅顶盖模板支架预应力混凝土空心板现场浇筑施工时,发生模板支撑体系坍塌事故,造成6人死亡、12人受伤。经有关部门调查,造成事故主要原因是模板工程缺乏专项施工方案,搭设质量不符合要求。事后,建设行政主管部门对该施工企业作了相应的行政处罚,公安机关依法对有关责任单位的涉案人员追究刑事责任。
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