[不定项选择题]共用题干 Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay
Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill,new study findings suggest.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus,researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition were less likely to fall ill.
The findings,published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,build on evidence that a"positive emotional style"can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a scratchy throat or runny nose?
"People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,"explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh."And when they do get a cold,they may interpret their illness as being less severe."
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible to catching a cold,but some questions remained as to whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.
For the new study,the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality traits,self-perceived health and emotional"style".Those who tended to be happy,energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style,while those who were often unhappy,tense and hostile had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.Over the next six days,the volunteers reported on any aches,pains,sneezing or congestion they had,while the researchers collected objective data,like daily mucus production.Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes,happy people were less likely to develop a cold. Cohen found that families had great influence on a person's emotional style.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

[不定项选择题]共用题干 Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay
Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense.against getting ill,new study findings suggest.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus,researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition were less likely to fall ill.
The findings,published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,build on evidence that a"positive emotional style"can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less trou- bled by a scratchy throat or runny nose.
"People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,"explained lead study author Dr.Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh."And when they do get a cold,they may interpret their illness as being less severe."
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible to catching a cold,but some questions remained as to whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.
For the new study,the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality traits,self-perceived health and emotional"style".Those who tended to be happy,energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style,while those who were often unhappy,tense and hostile had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.Over the next six days,the volunteers reported on any aches,pains,sneezing or congestion they had,while the researchers collected objective data,like daily mucus production.Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes,happy people were less likely to develop a cold. Cohen found that families had great influence on a person's emotional style.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

[不定项选择题]共用题干 The Cold Places
The Arctic is a polar region.It surrounds the North Pole.
Like Antarctica,the Arctic is a land of ice and snow.Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading-125 degrees
Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in both the Arctic and Antarctica.Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic .At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.
One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic .This one thing is the low temperature-the killing chill of far North and the polar South.
To survive,men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters .They must keep heaters going at all times.Not ever for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures.
Men have a way of providing for themselves.Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs .The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.
What about animals?Can they survive?Do we find plants?Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica?Yes,we do. There is life in the oceans.There is life on land.
Antarctica,as we have seen,is a cold place indeed.But this has not always been the case.
Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have much like our own.
Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests.Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive. At one time,the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned