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第二篇Bullying at school"的相关试题:
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第二篇
Bullying at school can have serious and harmful negative effects.Because it causes such a problem for many schools,it is important that schools take the appropriate action to minimize its harmful effects.
One of the most influential steps that a school can take against bullying is to research and develop a firm understanding of the specific types of bullying the students at the school are facing. Administrators should conduct monthly surveys that ask students about their experiences with bullying, such as whether they were bullied in the past month,whether they witnessed bullying and issues that they think the school administrators should have known about. Administrators should also survey the school's teachers to find out what they know about bullying.
Another step that a school administration can take to prevent bullying is to train its teachers, administrators and students' parents about bullying. Hold seminars in your school district to teach parents about ways to communicate with their children if they are bullied at school.Conduct workshops with professional speakers or psychology experts about recognizing the signs of bullying in the classroom for teachers and administrators in your school district.Create newsletters for parents about detail strategies your school is taking to combat bullying or discuss new research on bullying in schools.
Last but not least school administrators,teachers and school board members should work together to create a disciplinary plan to use when situations of bullying arise.Make teachers work together in groups to discuss the strategies that they use for dealing with bullying in their individual classrooms.Developing a plan when bullying arises is important in helping students realize that they will face consequences if they choose to bully their peers.Having a disciplinary system in place can help prevent bullying before it even begins.
Why is the disciplinary plan important when bullying arises?
A.Because students will face consequences if they bully others.
B.Because school rules aren't complete without it.
C.Because school bullying can hardly be prevented.
D.Because students will follow the plan.
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Study Says Dogs Can Smell Cancer
Dogs are known for their sense of smell.They can find missing people and things like
bombs and illegal drugs.Now a study suggests that the animal known as man's best friend
can even find bladder（膀胱）cancer.
Cancer cells are thought to produce chemicals with unusual odors（气味）.
Researchers think dogs have the ability to smell these odors,even in very small
amounts,in urine（尿）.The sense of smell in dogs is thousands of times better than
in humans.
The study follows reports of cases where,for example,a dog showed great interest in
a growth on the leg of its owner.The mole（痣）was later found to be skin cancer.
Carolyn Willis led a team of researchers at Arnersham Hospital in England.They
trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment.The study involved urine collected from
biadder cancer patients,from people with other diseases and from healthy people.
Each dog was tested eight times.In each test there were seven samples for the dogs
to smell.The dog was supposed to signal the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying
down next to it,
Two cocker spaniels（短腿长毛垂耳小猎犬）were correct fifty-six percent of the time.
But the scientists reported an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group,the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times.That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
The British Medical Journal published the research.In all,thirty-six bladder cancer
patients and one hundred and eight other people took part.
During training,all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had
tested healthy before the study,Doctors found a growth on the person's right kidney(肾）.
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide.The International Agency
for Research on Cancer says this disease kills more than one hundred thousand people each
year.Doctors say cigarette smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer.
The person who had tested healthy before the study
A.dropped out.
B.passed away.
C.was found to have cancer.
D.was found to remain healthy.
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第二篇
Sometimes love really can be measured in pounds and pence.
It's an annual argument.Do we or do we not go on holiday?My partner says no because the boiler could go bad,or the roof fall off,and we have no savings to save us.I say that you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday.The joy of a recession means no argument next year一we just won't go.
Since money is reputed to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful.For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people in May this year found 22%said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money.What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession一financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable.A recent report from ICOR(the online Information Centre on Relationships)cited research showing arguments about money were especially damaging to couple一even more so to their children.Disputes were characterised by intense verbal aggression,tended to be repeated and not re-solved,and made men,more than women,extremely angry.
So why are arguments about money so emotive?Since they seem to be so even without a recession,they have to be about more than literally pounds and pence.
Kim Stephenson,an occupational psychologist,believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolises,which may be different things to men and women."People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions of what it is for,"he explains."They will say it's to save,to spend,for security,for freedom,to show someone you love them,to keep score."
He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status,of trying to best the man down the road who's just bought a flash car,and of showing their parents that they've achieved something. He warns that,while couples need enough money not to struggle and be unhappy,an extra ￡5,000 above that amount won't make them any happier.
"The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances,but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about money than talking about death.But you both need to know what you are doing,who is paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately.In a healthy relationship,you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."
Research from a wholesome organization in the U.S. called the National Healthy Marriage Resource Center says that establishing a"fair and equitable pattern of handling money early in marriage appears to be important for the quality and stability of the marriage".Admitting your incomes to each other and making budgets for your household expenses may not seem romantic but it is,in fact, the real language of love.
The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should__________.
A.put their money together instead of keeping it separately
B.make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets
C.discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship
D.avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic
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Where Have All the Frogs Gone?
In the 1980s,scientists around the world began to notice something strange:Frogs
were disappearing. More recent research has shown that many kinds of amphibians（两栖
动物）are declining or have become extinct. They have been around for a long time一over
350 million years.Why are they dying out now?
Scientists are seriously concerned about this question.First of all,amphibians are an
important source of scientific and medical knowledge.By studying amphibians,scientists
have learned about new substances that could be very useful for treating human diseases.
Further research could lead to many more discoveries,but that will be impossible if the
amphibians disappear.
The most serious aspect of amphibian loss,however,goes beyond the amphibians
themselves.Scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian decline means for the
planet as a whole.If the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians,is it also becoming
unlivable for other kinds of animals and human beings as well?
Scientists now believe that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors.
One of these factors is the destruction of habitat,the natural area where an animal lives.
Amphibians are very sensitive to changes in their habitat.If they cannot find the right
conditions,they will not lay their eggs一These days,as wild areas are covered with
houses,roads,farms,or factories,many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs.
For example,the arroyo toad（蟾蜍）of southern California will only lay its eggs on the
sandy bottom of a slow-moving stream.There are very few streams left in southern
California,and those streams are often muddy because of building projects. Not
surprisingily,the arrovo toad is now in danaer of extinction.
There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline.Pollution is one of them.In
many industrial areas,air pollution has poisoned the rain,which then falls on ponds and
kills the frogs and toads that live there,In farming areas,the heavy use of chemicals on
crops has also killed off arrtphibians.Another factor is that air pollution has led to increased
levels of ultraviolet (UV) light. This endangers amphibians, which seem to be especially
sensitive to UV light. And finally, scientists have discovered a new disease that seems to
be killing many species of arnpttibians in different parts of the world.
All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more
general concern. The destrriction of land, the pollcition of the air and the water, the
changes in our atmosphere, the spread of diseases-these factors affect human beings,
too. Amphibians are especially sensitive to environmental change. Perhaps they are like
the canary （金丝雀）bird that coal miners once used to take down into the mines to detect
poisonous gases. When the canary became ill or died,the miners knew that dangerous
gases were near and their own lives were in danger.
Scientists think that the decline of amphibians could
A.cause environmental change.
B.cause a decline in other kinds of animals.
C.be a warning signal for human beings.
D.be a good sign for human beings.
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第二篇
Solving a problem can be broken down into several steps.First,the problem must be identified correctly.Psychologists refer to this step as problem representation.For many problems,a figuring out which information is relevant and which is irrelevant can be difficult and can interfere with arriving at a good solution.Clearly,a problem can be solved,it must be obvious what the problem is; however,this is not as easy as it might seem.One obstacle to efficient problem representation is functional fixedness,that is,allowing preconceived notions and even prejudices to color the facts. Most people tend to see objects and events in certain fixed ways,and by being inflexible in viewing the problem,they may be unable to notice the tools for the solution.
Once the problem is identified accurately,however,the second step consists of considering the alternatives for a solution.A common way to evaluate alternatives is to write them down and then make a list of advantages and disadvantages for each solution. Here again,people may be limited by prior experiences.Often people adopt mental sets that lead them to the same problem-solving strategies that were successful for problems in the past. Although that can be helpful most of the time, sometimes a new situation requires a different strategy. In that case,the mental set must be abandoned,and new alternatives must be explored.This can be a difficult adjustment for some people.
After the alternatives have been compared,a strategy must be selected from among them.One way to avoid becoming stuck in the options is to try the best option with a view to abandoning it for another if the results are unfavorable.This attitude allows many people to move on expeditiously to the next step—action.The strategy selected must be implemented and tested.If it solves the problem,no further action is necessary,but if not,then an unsuccessful solution may actually lead to a more successful option.If the solution is still not apparent,then the cycle begins again,starting with problem identification.By continuing to review the problem and repeat the problem-solving steps,the solution can be improved upon and refined.
One way to avoid being stuck in the different options to solve the problem is to________.
A.stick to the best option
B.compare the advantages and disadvantages of different options
C.ask other people for advice
D.try the best option but be ready to abandon it once it turns out to be not good
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第二篇
A Very Slow Ride
The surface of the earth may seem very stable to you.But you might be amazed if you
knew some of the things that are going on under that surface.
The earth has an outer shell of rigid pieces called tectonic plates（地壳构造板块）.The
plates include both ocean floor and dry land.Some have whole continents on top of them.
The continents on top of the plates are just going along for a slow ride,moving only about
four inches per year. But even this small movement causes three types of big interactions.
One type is ocean ridges.These ridges develop in places where two plates are moving
away from each other. As the plates separate , hot magma（岩浆）flows up to fill the
space. New crust（地壳）builds up on the plate boundaries and causes ocean ridges.
These ridges form long mountain ranges,which only rise above the ocean surface in a few
places.
Another type of reaction-trenches-occurs between two plates that are moving toward
each other.As the plates meet,one bends downward and plunges underneath the other.
This forms deep ocean trenches.The Marianas Trench off Guam in the western Pacific
Ocean has a depth of more than 36,000 feet.This is the lowest point on the ocean floor.
If the leading edges of the two colliding plates carry continents,then the layers of rock in the
overriding plate crumple（变皱）and fold. A plate that carried what is now India collided with
the southern edge of the plate that carried Europe and most of Asia.This caused the
Himalayas,the world's highest mountains.
The third reaction is transform faults（转换断层）.These faults occur where two plates
that are traveling in opposite directions slide past each other.Severe earthquakes can
occur. The San Andreas Fault in California is a good example of this type of movement.
This passage is mostly about
A.effects of movements of the earth's plates.
B.different types of continents.
C.the Marianas Trench.
D.transform faults.
