[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答186-190题。 I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mothersat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I de-cided that the act of writing must be the more wonderful thing in the world. Years later, during herfinal illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother."But the desk," she'd said a-gain, "it's for Elizabeth." I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. Butas a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter. They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was "too emotional". But she lived "on the surface". As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy fami-ly. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she didforgive me. I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came. My hope turned to disap-pointment, then little interest and, finally, peace--it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn't besure that the letter had even got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and ! could stop try-ing to make her into someone she was not. Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased thatwriting was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside--a photoof my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times. Give me an answer, my letterasks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words. The writer began to love her mother's desk__________.
A.after mother died
B.before she became a writer
C.when she was a child
D.when mother gave it to her

[不定项选择题]I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the more wonderful thing in the world. Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother."But the desk," she'd said again, "it's for Elizaheth." I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in acdou. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter. They never happened.And a gulf opened between us. I was "too emotional". But she lived "on the surface". As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she ebose that she did forgive me. I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came. My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace-it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and l could stop trying to make her into someone she was not. Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside--a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times. Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words. What did mother do with her daughter's letter asking forgiveness?
A.She had never received the letter.
B.For years, she often talked about the letter.
C.She didn't forgive her daughter at all in all her life.
D.She read the letter again and again till she died.

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答191-195题。 African elephants have been slaughtered at alarming rate over the past decade, largely be-cause they are the primary source of the world's ivory. Their population has been dwindled from1.3 million in 1979 to just 625,000 today, and the rate of killing has been accelerating in recentyears because many of the older, bigger tusked animals have already been destroyed. "The poach-ers now must kill times as many elephants to get the same quantity of ivory." explained CurtisBohlen, Senior vice president of the World Wildlife Fund. Though its record on the environment has been spotty so far, the government last week tookthe lead in a major conservation issue by imposing a ban on ivory imports into the US. The movecame just four days after a consortium of conservation groups, including the World Wildlife Fundand Wildlife Conservation International, called for that kind of action, and it made the US the firstnation to forbid imports of both raw and finished ivory. The ban, says Bohlen, sends a very clearmessage to the ivory poachers that the game is over. In the past African nations have resisted an ivory ban, but increasingly they realized that thedecimation of the elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business. Last month Tanza-nia and several other African countries called for an amendment to the 102 nation Convention onInternational Trade in Endangered Species that would make the ivory trade illegal worldwide. Theamendment is expected to be approved at an October meeting in Geneva and to go into effect nextJanuary. But between now and then, conservationists contend, poachers may go on a rampage,killing elephants wholesale, so nations should unilaterally forbid imports right away. The US gov-ernment brought that argument, and by week's end the twelve nation European Community hadfollowed with its own ban. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?___________
A.African Elephants and the Ivory Trade
B.A Bid to Save the Elephant
C.The Poachers
D.Elephants in Danger

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答211-215题。 Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because theyhave so much money to throw around. "It's iniquitous," they say, "that this entirely unproductiveindustry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to showhow much profit the big companies are making. Why don't they stop advertising and reduce theprice of their goods? After all, it's the consumer who pays ..." The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create massmarkets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are socheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. An-other equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about house-hold goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we alreadyknow about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would ob-tain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriouslydoubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are,too!Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Wouldyou enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway bye-laws while waiting for a train? Would youlike to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper?A cheerful, wittyadvertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration ofcalamities. We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to ourpockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without thissource of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broad-cast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaperwould cost if we had to pay its full price! Another thing we mustn't forget is the"small ads." which are in virtually every newspaper andmagazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about any-thing can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell ahouse, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the "hatch, match and dis-patch" column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or "agony" column. No otheritem in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is! What is the main idea of this passage?__________
A.Advertisement.
B.The benefits of advertisement.
C.Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.
D.The costs of advertisement.

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答181-185题。 Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking testswhen she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeksbefore a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions cot-rectly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My lowgrades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had simi-lar experiences. He said:"My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I satdown to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down soquickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet ! couldn't even write them down! " These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a studentworries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. Thestudent cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Althoughpoor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades.Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false expla-nation of lazy students. Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to helpstudents by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests tomeasure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses tohelp them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Studentsare trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can lettheir minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test. An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost all students, relaxation andless stress are felt after taking our program. Most of them experience better control during theirtests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great." To "blank out" is probably___________.
A.to be like a blanket
B.to be sure of an answer
C.to be unable to think clearly
D.to show knowledge to the teacher

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答181-185题。 Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home． What to Expect The host will provide accommodation and meals．Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week．You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health． Accommodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2，3 and of the transport system．Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London i8 commercial and not residential．Zones 3 and 40ften offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area．It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground． Meal Plans Available ◇Continental Breakfast ◇Breakfast and Dinner ◇Breakfast，Packed Lunch and Dinner It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast．Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal，bread and tea or coffee．Cheese，fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England．Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert，fruit and coffee． Friends If you wigh to invite a friend over to visit．you must first ask your host’s permission．You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy． Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes Accommodation on a room—only basis includes shared kitchen and bathtoom facilities and of-ten a main living room．This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is nore suitable for the long-stay student．However，it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much． The passage is probably written for__________．
A.host，willing to receive foreign students
B.foreigners hoping to build British culture
C.travellers planning to visit families in London
D.English learners applying to live in English hornes

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答181-185题。 Modem scientists divide the process of dying into two stages--clinical or temporary death andbiological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, haveceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital ceils andtissues. Death is then irreversible and final. Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organismcan be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling ofthe organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism, cooling de-lays the processes leading to biological death. To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old femalemonkey called Keta. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded herbody with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degreesthe scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey's blood pressure decreased and anhour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta re-mained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumpedblood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutesthe monkey's heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began,and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientiststried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room.Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal. This passage focuses on__________.
A.the difference between biological and clinical death
B.the process of dying
C.prolonging the period of clinical death
D.the nature of clinical death

[不定项选择题]根据下面选项，回答题 A.GFR B.t1/2=0.693/k C.Cl=kV D.V=X0/C0 E.AUC=FX0/Vk 生物半衰期（）
A.气雾剂
B.静脉注射
C.口服制剂
D.肌内注射
E.经皮吸收制剂

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答196-200题。 Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old win sons：a combination of savings，income，scholarships，and a modest amount of borrowing． Fhen her husband lost his job，and the plan fell apart． “I have two kids in coHege，and l want to say‘come home’，but at the same time l want to grovide them with a good education，”says Jacobs． The Jacobs family did work out a solution：They asked and received more aid form the schools，and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan program．They will each graduate with$20，000 of debt，but at least they will be able to finish school． With unemployment risin9，financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the lacobs．More students are applying for aid，and more families expect to need student loans．College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around． At the same time．tuition continues to rise．A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439%from l982 to 2007，while average family income rose just l47%．Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade． “If we go on this way for another 25 years，we won’t have an affordable system of higher edueation．”says Patrick M．Callan，president of the center．“The middle class families have been financing it through debt．They will send kids to college whatever it takes，even if that means a huge amount of debt．” Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide thai student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them．The good news，however，is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing，and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted． According to Paragraph l，why did the plan of Jacobs family fail? __________
A.The twins wasted too much money
B.The father was out of work
C.Their savings ran out
D.The family fell apart

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答201-205题。 The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families．But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents，which is the opposite of the popularly—held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels． An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past．“We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families，”said one member of the research team．“They’re expected to be rebellious and selfish，but actually they have other things on their minds：they want a car and material goods，and they worry about whether school is serving them well．There’s more negotiation and discussion between parents and children，and children expect to take part in the family decision—making process．They don’t want to rock the boat．” So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends．“My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me，”says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall．“I always tell them when l’m going out clubbing．As long as they know what l’m doing，they’re fine with it．”Susan Crome，who is now 21，agrees．“Looking back on the last lo years，there was a lot of what you could call negotiation．For example，as long as I’d done all my homework，I could go out on a Saturday night．But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that．” Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected．It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts．A researcher comments，“0ur surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings．But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the l960s when everyone rebelled．The nor-mal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family busi-ness to taking it over．” What is the popular image of teenagers today? __________
A.They worry about school
B.They dislike living with their parents
C.They have to be locked in to avoid troubles
D.They quarrel a lot with other family members

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答211-215题。 What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a gen- eral satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you canuse in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery and look for a job where you can im-prove these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it.If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to geton with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just asimportant, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside ina part-time job. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbswhen you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It isbitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance,may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologeticabout it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?___________
A.The importance of doing well at school
B.Using school performance to help to choose a career
C.The importance of being good at all subjects
D.The indirect value of schoolwork

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答196-200题。 Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasingpopulation will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increas-ing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will pro-duce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are poi-sonous. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This willinvolve ever-increasing quantities of agriculture chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drasticsteps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem. There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be lessened. The first relates to thetreatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastesprior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the wateror best reduce pollution upon final disposal. A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manureis spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants areused in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other process-ing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat andpoultry processing plants,are currently converting former waste production into marketablebyproducts. Other industries have potential economic uses for their waste products. The purpose of this passage is___________.
A.to warn the reader of the dwindling water supply
B.to explain industrial uses of water
C.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems
D.to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答199-202题。 Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used acomputer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in theUnited States. The result: thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percentfewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billiondollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-twothousand deaths every year. The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten at the University of California,was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams,or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford andColumbia University. Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium, which is how foods may listtheir salt content. The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The AmericanHeart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the Americandiet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen-seventies, while blood pressures have also risen.Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National SaltReduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in thecity to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows howthat idea can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had McDonald's menus clearlyshowing how many calories were in each food. The other half got menus without the calorie information. All the following are related to the salt in diet except__________.
A.Strokes
B.heart attacks
C.blood pressures
D.stomach diseases

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答206-210题。 Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds ofpeople than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is thatthere are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There aremore ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with differentbeliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixedsocieties. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people tosee the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And althoughconditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily inthe material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather thanin values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the lessbasic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements ratherthan in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable tothe culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily inhuman relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason whychange has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts. The passage is mainly discussing__________.
A.certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
B.certain factors that promote social change
C.the necessity of social change
D.two different societies

[不定项选择题]根据下列内容，回答191-195题。 Reagan was walking down the street on his way to interview for a minimum wage job. Hehappened to cross paths with Bouvier, who was laying rock salt on the ground outside hisrestaurant, Papa Roux, after an ice storm had hit the area earlier in the morning. Bouvier said the 18-year-old approached him and asked how far it was to 10th and Sherman,Bouvier said the distance was at least seven miles, so he told Reagan that he would be better offtaking a bus instead of walking, especially considering the freezing temperature. Reagan said"thank you" and kept on his way to the job interview. Later, Bouvier and his wife were driving to grab coffee, and they came across Reagan again-still walking. So they offered him a tide. Reagan shared with the couple that he was on his way to ashop to interview for a job, and he did not have money for bus fare. Reagan also shared that hismother had passed away and he was left to care for his two younger sisters. After his morn died acouple of years ago, he ended up dropping out of high school without obtaining a diploma. After hearing the teen's story, Bouvier told Reagan that even if he was offered the shop job,he would hire him and double his salary. Bouvier was impressed with the teen's ambition and workethic. Reagan accepted the job. He cannot believe how everything turned out for him saying, "I'mjust too excited, just excited to start." Bouvier wanted to share the encounter with his friends, so he wrote about it on Facebook. Thestory is going around, with more than 15,000 likes so far. People are applauding the teen's workethic and Bouvier's generosity. One person wrote,"You are a blessing from above, and some good will come to you." Another added, "So kindness does exist. Warms my heart ! " In addition, IndyGo, the local public transportation system, gave Reagan a free one-year pass. What was Reagan doing when he came across Bouvier?__________
A.He was going to a job interview
B.He was going to get his salary
C.He was going to school by bus
D.He was walking back home