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Passage 2

Low-level slash-and-bum farming doesn’t harm rainforest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1 000 years, helped create patches of rich, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.
Most rainforest soils are thin and poor because they lack minerals and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. This means topsoil contains few of the ingredients needed for long-term successful farming.
But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter. Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matter comes from "black carbon"—the organic particles from camp fir
A. the composition of the topsoil is rather unstable
B. black carbon is washed away by heavy rains
C. organic matter is quickly lost due to heat and rain
D. long-term farming has exhausted the ingredients essential to plant growth

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Passage 2

Low-level slash-and-bum farming doesn’t harm rainforest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1 000 years, helped create patches of rich, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.
Most rainforest soils are thin and poor because they lack minerals and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. This means topsoil contains few of the ingredients needed for long-term successful farming.
But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter. Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matter comes from "black carbon"—the organic particles from camp fir
A. it does no harm to the topsoil of the rainforest
B. it destroys rainforest soils
C. it helps improve rainforest soils
D. it diminishes the organic matter in rainforest soils

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[单项选择]The passage doesn’t tell us the idea ______. [A] that some listeners phone the hotlines in fun [B] that some people just want to be heard by others [C] that some people who don’t care what the topic is must have realized that they appear to be silly

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[简答题]Directions: The following is a passage about how to make a speech. After reading it, you should complete the in formation by filling in the blanks marked 46 to 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.

When you are making your speech, try to relax. Speak slowly and clearly and look at people in your audience. Using simple vocabulary and expressions whenever possible. Stop for a few seconds now and then to give your audience a chance to think about what you have said. Make sure that everyone in the room can hear you. If it is a large room or an auditorium(礼堂), you will probably have to use a microphone.
Just remember: he prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.
If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you d

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[单项选择]Passage3 Whiledrunkendrivingmaybedecreasing,trafficsafetyexpertsremaintroubledhowtocopewithanotheralcohol-relatedproblem:drunkenpedestrians（行人）.Studieshaveshownthatpedestriansinjuredandkilledbycarsareoftenextremelydrunk. SometypesofpedestrianaccidentshavebeendecreasingintheU.S.,especiallythoseinvolvingchildren,butthenumberofdrunkenadultpedestrianskilledintraffichasremainedrelativelyconstantat2,500ayear.Thetotalnumberofpedestrianskilledannuallyintrafficaccidentsisatleast7,000oroneofeverysevenhighwaydeaths. Studentshaverevealedsomeofthecauses,includingalackofadultsupervision（监督）forchildren,longdelaysintrafficsignalsthatencouragejaywalking（无视交通规则任意行走），lessattentionpaidtopedestrianaccidentsinthepast,andfewmethodstoregulatewalkinghabits.However,themostchallengingproblem,accordingtosomeexperts,isalcohol-related.Althoughpuzzled,researchersaremakinggreateffortstofindwaystofightagainstthedrunkenpedestrianaccidents.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage
A. Causes for Traffic Accidents
B. DrunkenpedestrianAccidents
C. SevereHighwaySafetyProblems
D. ConsequencesofDrunkenDriving

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[单项选择]If a person doesn’t care，or doesn’t make up his mind to cast his eyes down，he can never learn any thing about this country．
A. 没有眼睛向下的兴趣和决心，他是永远学不会这个国家的任何东西。
B. 没有眼睛向下的兴趣和决心，一辈子也不会真正了解这个国家的事情。
C. 如果他不在乎，不下决心眼睛向下，他永远不会学习有关这个国家的任何事情。
D. 如果他不在乎，不下决心把眼光向下扫，他学不会有关这个国家的任何事情。

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[单项选择]Passage Five

Nanotechnology, according to its fans, will jump-start a new industrial revolution with molecular-sized structures as complex as the human cell and 100 times stronger than steel. The new technology transforms everyday products and the way they are made by manipulating atoms so that materials can be shrunk, strengthened and lightened all at once. To date only modest nanotech-based products—such as stain-resistant fabrics and fresh food packaging—have entered the market, but some scientists predict nanotechnology will eventually be the only game in town. "It will be a ubiquitous technology," said George Stephanopoulos, professor of chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He echoes other nanotech supporters who say industrial countries are already sliding toward its use in every aspect of manufacturing.

A. How to prolong the 10 to 20 years’ time.
B. How to eliminate the public’s prejudice.
C. How to solve the problem of big and small.
D. How to get enough manpower and money.

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