[简答题]

Translation in recent years is crowned as an urgently needed industry, which has undoubtedly started an upsurge of studying fever. People study translation with various reasons. Generally speaking, mainly three facets force people to learn translation nowadays.
To begin with, China’s striving for modernization and globalization stimulates the translation fever in some light. With the deepening of China’s long-term policy of reform and opening up to the outside world and its access to WTO, translation talents are quite indispensable for these series of international drive. With the view to meet the current needs of the world, a large amount of foreign documents with different languages need to be translated; numerous international activities should be accompanied with well trained translators or interpreters. Besides, it is quite necessary for us to master more than one language and properly translate them into Chinese or in reverse. Language should not become a bo

[单项选择]Although recent years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing. Consequently more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and ozone (generated by photochemical reactions with hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust) that exceed legally established limits. There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions--short of a massive shift away from the private automobile—is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ethanol, or methanol.
All of these alternatives are carbon-based fuels whose molecules are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline. These molecules burn mom cleanly than gasoline, in part because they have fewer, if any, carbon-carbon bonds, and the hydrocarbons they do emit are
A. countering a flawed argument that dismisses a possible solution to problem
B. reconciling contradictory points of view about the nature of a problem
C. identifying the strengths of possible solutions to a problem
D. discussing a problem and arguing in favor of one solution to it

[单项选择]In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the universities’ efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward.
With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious hind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitm
A. creating new knowledge
B. providing solutions to social problems
C. making experts on sophisticated industries out of their students
D. preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge

[单项选择]Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities--as well as new and significant risks. Civil right activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack of access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies. Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than ＄500,000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agencies have gone so far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.
Corporate response appears to have been substantial. According to figures collected in 1977, the total of corporate contracts with minority businesses rose from ＄77 million
A. been especially vulnerable to government mismanagement of the economy.
B. been denied bank loans at rates comparable to those afforded larger competitors.
C. not had sufficient opportunity to secure business created by large corporations.
D. not been able to advertise in those media that reach large numbers of potential customers.