Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economy’s total receipts.
Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate the development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful
A. the program had difficulty in winning financial support from the government
B. the program didn’t create a stable and sound investment environment
C. minority people are not willing to start their own business
D. minority entrepreneurs lack experience, good locations and enough capital
Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economy’s total receipts.
Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate the development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful
A. rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses
B. attempt to maintain a steady rate of growth in the minority business sector
C. encourage minority businesses to take riskier deals
D. seek federal contracts to provide market for minority businesses
Passage One
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联邦政府 The Constitution When America broke away from Britain in 1775, she did not adopt a British Constitution. The British have always had an unwritten constitution, whereas every item of the American Constitution is clearly written down and numbered, and can only be changed by a two-thirds majority vote of Congress. Yet in their different ways, the American and British forms of government did have one thing in common. They were both democratiC．As for American society, it was more democratic than British society, in that it paid less attention to class or wealth. Political Parties There are two major political parties in the USA, the Democratic Party and the Republican Par A. constitutional B. unconstitutional C. democratic D. interested in class and wealth [单项选择]Clashes began（）
A. in mid-February. B. in early-January. C. in mid-January. D. in early-February. [单项选择]Federal officials should consider reopening public access to about three dozen Web sites withdrawn from the Internet after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, a government-financed study says, because the sites pose little or no risk to homeland security.
The Rand Corp. said the overwhelming majority of federal Web sites that reveal information about airports, power plants, military bases and other potential terrorist targets need not be censored because similar or better information is easily available elsewhere. Rand identified four Web pages that might merit the restrictions imposed after the attacks. "It’s a good time to take a closer look at the choices that they made at the time," said John Baker, principal author of the study, which was funded by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, the government’s intelligence mapping agency. Advocates of open government said the report shows the Bush administration acted rashly after the suicide attacks when it scrubbed n A. 36 B. 24 C. 48 D. 18 [简答题]Efforts to provide professional trauma counseling assume that trauma is the main psychosocial issue following the earthquake. (1) In fact, however, trauma is only a small part of a wide array of psychosocial issues that ought to be addressed. For many earthquake survivors, the main issue is not traumatic memories of the earthquake but stresses associated with their current living situation. These stresses include the lack of safety and security, the loss of livelihood, lack of appropriate shelter, changes in family relations, threats of and exposure to gender-based violence, substance abuse, and uncertainties about the future. Because these stresses are holistic, they require comprehensive support that goes beyond trauma counseling. (2) Inherently, the support needed is social rather than psychological and includes such things as normalizing life by reestablishing daily activities such as working for parents and education for children, protection from rape and other forms of
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