[单项选择]McCarthyism is （　） in the 1950s promoted by a U.S. senator named McCarthy.
A. an anti-Soviet hysteria
B. an anti-Expansion hysteria
C. an anti-Racism hysteria
D. an anti-Communist hysteria

[单项选择]In the 1950s, the development of antipsychotic drugs called neuroleptics(抑制精神病药物 )radically changed the clinical outlook for patients in mental institutions who had previously been considered hopelessly psychotic. Daily medication controlled delusions and made psychotherapy possible. Many who otherwise might never have left institutions returned to society. Now physicians have learned that there is a price to be paid for these benefits. Approximately 10 to 15 percent of patients who undergo long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs develop a cluster of symptoms called tardive dyskinesia (迟发性运动障碍), the most common symptoms of which are involuntary repetitive movement of the tongue, mouth, and face, and sometimes the limbs and trunk.
Neuroleptic drugs interfere with the action of dopamine (多巴胺) , an important neurotransmitter in the brain, by binding to the dopamine receptors of nerve cells, and dopamine is a prime suspect in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Large doses of d
A. psychological effect on the patient
B. long-term therapeutic use of drugs
C. addiction of a patient to dopamine
D. physical injuries caused by violent muscle spasms

[单项选择]

In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolut
A. are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B. are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C. are not very different in their performance from those of the 1950’s
D. still cannot communicate with people in a human language

[填空题]
Until the 1950s, the equal (1) provided by the 14th Americans of different origins. In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled that "segregation by race did not necessarily imply racial (2) thus resulting the continuation of segregated schooling.
I. In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled:
States had to provide equal educational opportunities to all students and viewed segregated schooling as " (3) unequal"
II. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the United States started to eliminate segregated schools.
1) Desegregation processes instituted through (4) busing.
2) Many white parents’ choosing to flee the inner city or enrolled their children in (5) schools.
3) Some African -Americans’ leaving their (6)
III. In recent years, (7) plans have been made to deal with the si