[单项选择]The "formal learning" refers to all learning which takes place in the classroom, regardless of whether such learning is （） by conservative or progressive ideologies.
A. secured
B. attained
C. manifest
D. informed

[单项选择]Formal learning is separated from daily life and may actually promote ways of learning and thinking which often run （） to those obtained from practical daily life.
A. parallel
B. contradictory
C. opposite
D. counter

[填空题]The term "formal learning" is used in this paper to refer to all learning
which takes place in the classroom, without regard to such learning is (1)______
performed by conservative or progressive ideologies. "In formal learning",
on the other hand, is used to referring to learning which takes place outside (2)______
the classroom.
These definitions provide the essential, though by all means sole, (3)______
difference between the two modes of learning. Formal learning is separated
from daily life and, indeed, as Scribner and Cole(1973.. 553) have observed,
may actually "promote ways of learning and thing which often run counter on (4)______
those nurtured in practical daily life." A characteristic feature of formal
learning is the centrality of activities which are not closely paralleled by
activities outside the classroom. The classroom can prepare for, draw, and (5)______
imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classro