[简答题]
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate
each underlined part into Chinese.
21. Every time you try to answer a question that asks why, you engage in
the process of causal analysis--you attempt to determine a cause or series of
causes for a particular effect. When you try to answer a question that what if,
you attempt to determine what effect will result from a particular cause. You
will have frequent opportunity to use cause- and-effect analysis in the writing
that you will do in college. For example, in history you might be asked to
determine the causes of the Seven Day War between Egypt and Israel. In political
science you might be asked to determine the reasons why Ronald Reagan won the
1984 Presidential election. And in sociology you might be asked to predict the
effect that changes in Social Security legislation would have on senior
citizens.
22. Determining causes and effects is usually
thought