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发布时间:2024-06-29 19:56:46

[单项选择]( ) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Suffering
B. Suffered
C. To suffer
D. Having suffered

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[填空题]How heavy may a newly-born baby elephant be
[单项选择]My father is a heavy sleeper now, but he used to rarely oversleep, ()he
A. isn’t
B. did
C. didn’t
D. is
[单项选择]According to UCP600, bill of lading may now allow ( ) provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same bill of lading.
A. after the expiry date of credit
B. after the date of shipment
C. partial shipment
D. transshipment
[单项选择]The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ______ to environmental threats.
A. response
B. responsibility
C. resolution
D. resistance
[简答题]

Light pollution now has become a big problem and led to much waste in our society. It has been estimated that 30% of the electricity generated for outdoor illumination is wasted. Important, too, are the environmental costs of producing the energy to power wasted light. For example, for every kilowatt-hour of electricity used, almost two pounds of carbon dioxide and almost two grams of sulphur dioxide are emitted into the environment. (46) Thus by simply eliminating wasted light, those amounts can be substantially reduced with no negative effect on necessary lighting and with decidedly positive environmental benefits for the region.
For individuals and families another significant issue is that of light intrusion, the spilling of un- wanted light onto private property. This concern is already addressed in some local zoning codes where maximum light levels at property lines are established. (47) But as the problem becomes more common, homeowners may also sense tha

[填空题]may give off more radiative pollution into the air than a nuclear plant
[单项选择]Where may Anna be now
A. At home.
B. At the meeting.
C. In the car.
[单项选择]Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ( ) she got to her office.
A. since
B. that
C. when
D. until
[单项选择]M: It’s already 11:00 now. Do you mean I ought to wait until Prof. Bloom comes back from class
W: Not really. You can just leave a note. I’ll give it to her later.
Q: What does the woman mean( ).
A. She isn’t sure when Professor Bloom will be back.
B. The man shouldn’t be late for his class.
C. The man can come back sometime later.
D. She can pass on the message for the man.
[单项选择] Effects of Environmental Pollution
If pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation of aerosols (浮质) in the atmosphere will cause the onset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty years’ time. This conclusion, reached by Dr. S.I. Rasool and Dr. S.H. Schneider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Centre, answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans have shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominant.
Two specters haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might lead to the planet’s becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of these ghosts has now been laid. Because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2℃, which would take place over several thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than ever.
Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles dispersed in air or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny that each is composed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog (烟雾) of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today. These collections of aerosols reflect the Sun’s heat and thereby cause the Earth to cool.
Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dust aerosol layer just above the Earth’s surface in the temperature of the planet. As the layer builds up, the present delicate balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed. The aerosol layer not only reflects much of the Sun’s light but also transmits the infrared (红外线的) radiation from below. So, while the heat input to the surface drops, the loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced state.
Within fifty years, if no steps are taken to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5℃ seems inevitable. If that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age, and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the Sun’s radiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosol layer were destroyed.
The only bright spot in this gloomy forecast lies in the hope expressed by Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider that nuclear power may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of the atmosphere from becoming critical.The word "specters" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. pollution.
B. carbon dioxide
C. aerosols
D. ghosts

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