[填空题]Alternative sentencing is now practiced in ______ states and is spreading fast.

[填空题]Alternative sentencing is now practiced in ______ states and is spreading fast.

[填空题]Alternative sentencing is considered only good for young offenders.

[填空题]Alternative sentencing is also called "creative justice".

[填空题]Alternative sentencing is so widespread in the U.S. that guidelines should be provided by the federal government.

[填空题]Alternative sentencing is also called ______.

[单项选择]Many oil companies are now making alternative energy （） in an effort to remain competitive in future energy markets.
A. payments
B. contributions
C. donations
D. investments

[单项选择]Our theory and practice in the area of sentencing have undergone a gradual but dramatic metamorphosis through the years. Primitive man believed that a crime created an imbalance, which could be rectified only by punishing the wrongdoer. Thus, sentencing was initially vengeance-oriented. Gradually, emphasis began to be placed on the deterrent value of a sentence upon future wrongdoing.
Though deterrence is still an important consideration, increased emphasis on the possibility of reforming the offender--of returning him to the community a useful citizen--bars the harsh penalties once imposed and brings into play a new set of sentencing criteria. Today, each offender is viewed as a unique individual, and the sentencing judge seeks to know why he has committed the crime and what are the chances of a repetition of the offense. The judge’s prime objective is not to punish but to treat.
This emphasis on treatment of the individual has created a host of new problems. In seeking to a
A. a desire to reform
B. imbalance
C. a desire for revenge
D. a desire to deter future wrongdoing