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Erik Erikson
Born at the tun of the century, Erik Erikson spent his early years in Europe. As a son of well-to-do parents, he received an education that was both formal and informal. Like other upper class children, when he finished his regular schoolwork, he traveled the Continent. He described this period as his moratorium—a term he used in his later theory of human development to describe a temporary life space that adolescents go through between the completion of general academic education and the choice of a life career. He noted that at the time of his own young adulthood, it was fashionable to travel through Europe, gaining a perspective on civilization and one’s own possible place in it. He chose the avocation of portrait painting as an activity during this time. It permitted maximum flexibility for travel and yielded some productive output as well. Obviously talented, he soon gained a reputation as a promising young artist, espec
A. serves as a gap between academic education and the choice of life
B. can be a significant bridge linking school education with career choosing and adult life
C. is more important for a person in choosing his/her life career
D. one "temporary life space" is decisive on the choosing of a life career
[单项选择]1 Erik Erikson believed that personality development is a series of turning points, which he described in terms of the tension between desirable qualities and dangers. He emphasized that only when the positive qualities outweigh the dangers does healthy psychosocial development take place.
2 An important turning point occurs around age six. A child entering school is at a point in development when behavior is dominated by intellectual curiosity and performance. He or she now learns to win recognition by producing things. The child develops a sense of industry. The danger at this stage is that the child may experience feelings of inadequacy or inferiority. If the child is encouraged to make and do things, allowed to finish tasks, and praised for trying, a sense of industry is the result. On the other hand, if the child’s efforts are unsuccessful, or if they are criticized or treated as bothersome, a sense of inferiority is the result. For these reasons, Erikson called the perio
A. A liking for school
B. A feeling of inadequacy
C. An ability to finish tasks
D. A sense of industry
[单项选择]In the summer of 999, Leif Erikson voyaged to Norway and spent the following winter with King Olaf Tryggvason. Substantially the same account is given by both the Saga of Eric the Red and the Flat Island Book. The latter says nothing about Leif’s return voyage to Greenland, but according to the former it was during this return voyage that Leif discovered America. The Flat Island Book, however, tells of another and earlier landfall by Biarni, the son of a prominent man named Heriulf, and makes that the inspiration for the voyage to the new land by Leif. In brief, like Leif, Biarni and his companion sight three countries in succession before reaching Greenland, and to come upon each new land takes 1 "doegr" more than the last until Biarni comes to land directly in front of his father’s house in the last- mentioned country.
This narrative has been rejected by most later writers, and they may be justified. Possibly, Biarni was a companion of Leif when he voyaged from Norway to Greenla
A. Leif Erikson did not visit America
B. Biarni might have visited America before Leif Erikson
C. Biarni did not visit Wineland
D. Leif Erikson visited Wineland first
