Directions:
You are going to read a text about basic element in both speaking and writing, followed by a list of examples and explanations. Choose the best example or explanation from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
There are many differences between communicating in written and spoken words—one to one or one to many. Because speaking is face to face and personal, it is much more direct than writing. Hand and body gestures, facial expressions, and vocal variety help greatly to support face-to-face communication. It is also reinforced by instant feedback from listeners in the form of smiles, frowns, applause, catcalls, clenched fists, and so on. An alert speaker who is sensitive to feedback can "shift gears" and adapt to changing circumstances.
41. The differences between talking and writing
Writing, however, depend
Directions:
You are going to read a text about stress, followed by a list of arguments. Choose the best argument from the list A--G for each numbered subheading (41--45). There are two extra arguments which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
41. Two types of stress:
There are basically two types of stress placed on human beings--physical and mental.
42. Effects of stress--physical or emotional:
Whether physical or emotional in origin, stress causes the body to react in the same way.
43. Guilty--useful, though most harmful:
Probably the most harmful of all the stresses is guilt.
44. Instances--no need to feel guilty:
However, many of us as children learned rules that we no longer need.
No one is perfect:
Guilt and the worry that often accompanies this major stress are difficult to eradicate, but people subject to excessive guil
Directions:
You are going to read a text about The Big Melt, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A--F for each numbered subheading (41--45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.S
ay goodbye to the world’s tropical glaciers and ice caps. Many will vanish within 20 years. When Lonnie Thompson visited Peru’s Quelccaya ice cap in 1977, he couldn’t help noticing a school-bus-size boulder that was upended by ice pushing against it. Thompson returned to the same spot last year, and the boulder was still there, but it was lying on its side. The ice that once supported the massive rock had retreated far into the distance, leaving behind a giant lake as it melted away.
Foe Thompson, a geologist with Ohio State University’s Byrd Polar Research Center, the rolled-back rock was an obvious sign of climate change in the Andes Mountains. "Observin
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