Since the industrial revolution,
government, society, and industry have attempted to channel technological
progress in useful directions. Whether it is the printing press, the cotton gin
the automobile or the Internet, technological innovations often have profound
economic and social effects. To harness the benefits and minimize the more
harmful effects of new technologies, modern governments use four basic
approaches: specific direction, market incentives, criminal prohibition, and
behavior modification. Specific direction starts with governments identifying one or more key factors in the R&D phase. Then, using a variety of means ranging from administrative regulation to outright state ownership, the government seeks to control the implementation of the technology. Market incentives are the deliberate manipulation of the marke A. government funding in R&D period. B. complete centralization of power. C. direct administrative interference. D. identifying promising technology trends. [简答题]Industrial Revolution
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