[单项选择]Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited, there was no way to prevent spoilage, But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk.
Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand. By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.
Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diet. Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and ve
A. Causes of food spoilage
B. Commercial production of ice
C. Inventions that led to changes in the American diet
D. Population movement in the nineteenth century

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[单项选择]Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited, there was no way to prevent spoilage, But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk.
Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand. By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.
Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diet. Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and ve
A. estimate
B. avoid
C. correct
D. confine

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[单项选择]

Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United State eat most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited. There was no way to prevent spoilage. But in 1810, a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk. Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand. By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.
Other trends and inventions had also helped make it
A. shipped in refrigerator cars
B. a staple part of the American diet
C. available in limited quantities
D. unavailable in rural areas

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[填空题]In the last century old people didn’t have so many problems because they had their own clubs.

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Half a century ago, most people lived in{{U}} (36) {{/U}}areas. However, according to the most recent estimate{{U}} (37) {{/U}}by the United Nations, more than half of all people will live in cities by 2012, for the first time in history. City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process of{{U}} (38) {{/U}}. According to a new report from the Worldwatch Institute, an environmental research group in Washington, it is having a huge{{U}} (39) {{/U}}on human health and the{{U}} (40) {{/U}}of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, about one billion live in{{U}} (41) {{/U}}settlements. These are areas of poverty, slums, that generally lack basic services like clean water, or even{{U}} (42) {{/U}} housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and their{{U}} (43) {{/U}}areas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. Molly O’Meara Sheehan, the leading rese

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