Increasingly, historians are blaming
diseases imported from the Old World for the great disparity between the native
population of America in 1492--new estimates of which jump as high as 100
million, or approximately one-sixth of the human race at that time--and the few
million full-blooded Native Americans alive at the end of the nineteenth
century. There is no doubt that chronic disease was an important factor in the
sharp decline, and it is highly probable that the greatest killer was epidemic
disease, especially as manifested in virgin-soil epidemics.
Virgin-soil epidemics are those in which the populations at risk have had
no previous contact with the diseases that strike them and are therefore
immunologically almost defenseless. That virgin-soil epidemics were important in
American history is strongly indicated by evidence that A. recur more frequently than chronic diseases. B. involve populations with no prior exposure to a disease. C. usually involve a number of interacting diseases. D. are less responsive to medical treatment than are other diseases.
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[单项选择] Text 4
Increasingly, historians are blaming
diseases imported from the Old World for the great disparity between the native
population of America in 1492--new estimates of which jump as high as 100
million, or approximately one-sixth of the human race at that time--and the few
million full-blooded Native Americans alive at the end of the nineteenth
century. There is no doubt that chronic disease was an important factor in the
sharp decline, and it is highly probable that the greatest killer was epidemic
disease, especially as manifested in virgin-soil epidemics.
Virgin-soil epidemics are those in which the populations at risk have had
no previous contact with the diseases that strike them and are therefore
immunologically almost defenseless. That virgin-soil epidemics were important in
American history is strongly indicated by evidence that A. They were being kept prior to the seventeenth century. B. They mention only epidemics of smallpox. C. They provide quantitative and qualitative evidence about Native American populations. D. They prove that certain diseases were unknown in the pre-Columbian New World.
[单项选择] Americans Decrease
Increasingly, historians are blaming diseases imported from the Old World for the staggering disparity(不同) between the indigenous (本土的) population of America in 1492—new estimates of which soar as high as 100 million, or approximately one-sixth of the human race at that time—and the few million full-blooded Native Americans alive at the end of the nineteenth century. There is no doubt that chronic disease was an important factor in the precipitous(险峻的) decline, and it is highly probable that the greatest killer was epidemic disease, especially as manifested in virgin-soil (处女地) epidemics.
Virgin-soil epidemics are those in which the populations at risk have had no previous contact with the diseases that strike them and are therefore immunologically(免疫学的) almost defenseless. That virgin-soil epidemics were important in American history is strongly indicated by evidence that a number of dangerous maladies(病)—small pox, measles( A. recur more frequently than other chronic diseases B. affect a minimum of one-half of a given population C. involve populations with no prior exposure to a diseases D. usually involve a number of interacting diseases
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