Conventional wisdom about conflict
seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷淡) and
stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility.
Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people
in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor
Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be
more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied
perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives
worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit
organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that
opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of
organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations stro A. wrong B. oversimplified C. misleading D. unclear
[单项选择] Passage Four
It’s conventional wisdom in the United
States that the American education system is a mess. Since the rest of the world
loves to criticize Uncle Sam, that view is held even more strongly elsewhere.
But wait a minute. If education really is the source of economic success, as
experts continually claim, American schools can’t be too bad. If they were, the
American economy would not be the wonder of the world, able to create good jobs
at a pace that others can only envy, and with a huge advantage in many of the
key technologies of the next centurey. Specially, American high schools can’t be
a disaster area. The proof lies in the quality of American universities. In any
reasonable ranking of the best 100 universities of the world, the United States
would dominate the list. College professors are not alchemists(炼金术士), they
cannot turn ba A. It is not as good as it is supposed to be. B. It can satisfy the demands for the U. S. C. It is the best in the world. D. It is a wonder of the world.
[单项选择]We don’t need air conditioning, (). A. nor can we afford it B. neither can afford it C. nor we can afford it D. neither we can afford it
[多项选择]Nowadays many elderly people don’t need to worry about material things, However, they often feel lonely, depressed with a sense of being useless. What are your suggestions to help them
[单项选择]
Mary thinks that people don’t need to do much travel nowadays as a result of ______. A. less emphasis on personal contact B. advances in modem telecommunications C. recent changes in people’s concepts D. more potential damage to the area
[单项选择]Why don’t we need as many teeth as our ancestors A. Because we have to deal with much food B. Because we eat much softer food. C. Because we eat tough gritty food. D. Because our ancestors ate much softer food.
[单项选择]What kind of people don’’t need a ticket A. A group of 4 children. B. Children not more than 4 years old. C. Those who ride every day. D. Those who are free from work.
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