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[填空题]{{B}}Darwin and His Theory{{/B}}
Darwin was born in 1809 as the son of a physician. He earlier planned to become a{{U}} (1) {{/U}}in the Church of England. Later he accepted an invitation to serve as an unpaid naturalist on the H. M. S. Beagle, and joined in the{{U}} (2) {{/U}}scientific expedition to the Pacific coast of South America in 1831. The book On the Origin of Species was published in 1859 and amused a storm of{{U}} (3) {{/U}}. He continued to write and publish his works on biology throughout his life. He died on 1882 and lies buried in Westminster Abbey.
Darwin’s general theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic "descent with{{U}} (4) {{/U}}", the result of which is an entirely different organism.
What Darwin brought to the old philosophy of evolution is a new mechanism called "natural selection". It acts to preserve and{{U}} (5) {{/U}}minor advantageous genetic mutations. It is the preservation of a{{U}}
