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In the 1950s, the pioneers
of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century,
computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our
housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving
anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for human like behavior.
Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers
struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of
tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
A growing group of AI researchers
think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is
that Al has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of
thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical,
step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer
look at the more roundabout way in which nat
A. are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B. are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C. are not very different in their performance from those of the 50’s
D. still cannot communicate with people in a human language
