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Patent medicine used in America dates back to the early days of the Republic, when drugs imported from Europe were sold by postmasters, goldsmiths, grocers, and tailors. Their use expanded during the Jacksonian era as Americans rebelled against traditional doctors and enthusiastically endorsed quackery. Increasing urbanization and industrialization also fed the market for patent medicines, as new drugs were needed to combat epidemics. But these sales, by mid-century, were due to two non-medical events.
Patent legislation in 1793 made it possible for manufactures to protect their product against counterfeiters. But most manufacturers did not seek patents on the formulas for their medicines, since these were often combinations of common products like alcohol and vegetable extracts which they preferred not to reveal. Instead, they sought patents on the shape of the bottle, promotional materials, and label inform
A. An approach to gaining attention of the public.
B. A belief in advertising.
C. The need to recover money.
D. A mass audience.

[单项选择]
Patent medicine used in America dates back to the early days of the Republic, when drugs imported from Europe were sold by postmasters, goldsmiths, grocers, and tailors. Their use expanded during the Jacksonian era as Americans rebelled against traditional doctors and enthusiastically endorsed quackery. Increasing urbanization and industrialization also fed the market for patent medicines, as new drugs were needed to combat epidemics. But these sales, by mid-century, were due to two non-medical events.
Patent legislation in 1793 made it possible for manufactures to protect their product against counterfeiters. But most manufacturers did not seek patents on the formulas for their medicines, since these were often combinations of common products like alcohol and vegetable extracts which they preferred not to reveal. Instead, they sought patents on the shape of the bottle, promotional materials, and label inform
A. The danger.
B. Why it was so popular.
C. Whether it was an example of quackery.
D. The disadvantages.

[单项选择]
In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. Tile prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1930s.
In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, ,the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with sup ply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to pro vide greater economic stability for farmers.
Pre
A. The impact of the Great Depression.
B. The shrinking of overseas markets.
C. The destruction caused by the First World War.
D. The increased exports of European countries.

[单项选择]
In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s.
In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers.
Pr
A. The impact of the Great Depression.
B. The shrinking of overseas markets.
C. The destruction caused by the First World War.
D. The increased exports of European countries.

[单项选择] Text
Although "lie detectors" are widely used by governments, police departments and businesses, the results are not always accurate. Lie detectors are commonly (26) as emotion detectors, for their aim is to (27) bodily changes that contradict what a (28) says. The lie detector records changes (29) heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and the electrical (30) of the skin. In the first part of the (31) you are electronically connected to the machine and (32) a few neutral questions ("What is your name " etc. ). Your physical reactions serve (33) the standard for evaluating what comes (34) Then you are presented with a few (35) questions among the neutral ones ( "When did you rob the bank " ). The idea is that if you are (36) , your body will reveal the truth, even if you try to (37) it. Your heart
A. slowly
B. abruptly
C. steadily
D. naturally