[单项选择]The American party system is a two-party system which is unlikely to become anything else. It is not just that the two-party polarization has the weight of tradition behind it but also that the two-party polarization is built into our constitutional and legal system. Our entire electoral arrangements, the absence of proportional representation, the exorbitant cost of political campaigns, the legal difficulties in getting on and staying on the ballot in many states-all these things work against the rise of minor parties.
Also the single member legislative district, the division of power between the nation and the states, the method of electing a president with the winner itself, work to keep power in the hands of the two major parties. Major parties (like the Federalists and the Whigs) have broken up and been replaced as new parties have emerged in the past. But no minor party has ever gradually risen to achieve the stature of a major party, and no third party has lasted very lon
A. not expensive
B. fairly expensive
C. too expensive
D. too cheap

[单项选择]The American party system is a two-party system which is unlikely to become anything else. It is not just that the two-party polarization has the weight of tradition behind it but also that the two-party polarization is built into our constitutional and legal system. Our entire electoral arrangements, the absence of proportional representation, the exorbitant cost of political campaigns, the legal difficulties in getting on and staying on the ballot in many states-all these things work against the rise of minor parties.
Also the single member legislative district, the division of power between the nation and the states, the method of electing a president with the winner itself, work to keep power in the hands of the two major parties. Major parties (like the Federalists and the Whigs) have broken up and been replaced as new parties have emerged in the past. But no minor party has ever gradually risen to achieve the stature of a major party, and no third party has lasted very lon
A. hold opposing stands in each and every issue
B. cooperate with each other to hold the power in their hands
C. insult each other in politics and in life
D. respect each other on an equal basis

[单项选择]The origin of the American party system can be traced to ______.
A. the struggle between the Royalists and revolutionaries in the War of Independence
B. the constitutional debate between the Federalists and the anti-Federalists
C. the struggle between those who upheld slavery and those who opposed slavery
D. none of the above

[填空题]In business, many places adopt a credit system, which dates back to ancient times. At present, purchases can be made by using credit cards. They fall into two categories: one has limited use, while the other is accepted almost everywhere. Usually the application has to be made at a bank.
Once the customer starts using the card, he/she will be provided with a monthly statement of purchases by the credit company. He/She is required to pay one quarter to half of his/her credit every month.
With a card, it is not necessary to save up money before an actual purchase. If the card is lost, its owner is protected. A regular and complete list of purchase received from the credit company helps the owner to remember the time and place of his/her purchases.
But with the card, the owner is tempted to overspend his/her money. If this is the case, it becomes increasingly difficult for the user to keep up with the required payments, which will result in the credit card being canceled by

[简答题]

46)Free-market economy is an economic system in which individuals, rather than government, make the majority of. decisions regarding economic activities and transactions. Iadividuals are free to make economic decisions concerning their employment, how to use or accumulate capital, what expenditures to make, and whether to use their resources now or to save them for later consumption. The principles underlying free-market economies can be traced to the 18th century British economist Adam Smith. 47)According to Smith, individuals acting in their own economic self-interest will maximize the economic situation of society as a whole, as if guided by an "invisible hand". In a free-market economy the government’s function is limited to providing what are known as "public goods" and performing a regulatory role in certain sifuations.
48) Public goods, which include defense, law and order, and education, have two characteristics;consumpti