Because some resources must be allocated at the national level, we have created policies which reflect the aggregated attributes of our society. The federal budget determines the proportion of federal resources to be invested in social welfare programs and how these resources are distributed among competing programs. The budget is arrived at through a reiterative aggregative political process which mediates the claims of groups interested in health, education, welfare, and so on, thus socializing the continuing conflict generated by their separate aspirations. The test of whether a policy is "good" under this system is whether it can marshal sufficient legitimacy and consent to provide a basis for cohesion and action. Technical criteria may play a role in the process, but the ultimate criteria are political and social.
Whether a policy that is "good" in the aggregate sense is also "good
A. Policies designed to meet the needs of a large group of inherently people imperfect and should be scaled down.
B. Policies created by the democratic process are less effective than policies designed by a single, concentrated body of authority.
C. The effectiveness of a social policy depends more’ upon the manner in which the policy is administered than upon its initial design.
D. Since policies created on the federal level are inherently ineffective, all federal social welfare programs should be discontinued.
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