Women earn less than men do. For example, in 1998 the hourly wages of women in the U. S. were 26% less than those of men. The gap between male and female incomes varies with age. The gap between the labor incomes of young women and young men varies. It’s also clear that jobs in which women are concentrated pay less. The larger the number of workers who are women in ran industry, the lower the average wages.
Why do women earn less than men do Can the differences be explained by the fact that women are looked down upon If so, the government has to intervene(干预), to force the employers to pay equal wages to equal jobs. However, there is no agreement among economists about the causes of the gap. One view argues that women, on the average, have chosen low-paying jobs in which workers enjoy the freedom of entering and leaving the labor force, which reduces their years of experience relative to men. Other people say the gap can also be explained by the difference in educat
A. there are more than enough women in the labor force
B. women have more freedom in selecting jobs
C. women are only provided with low-paid jobs
D. women are less experienced than men
Women have more problems than men in old age. First of all, they have less money—or no money at all—and because of this, they often feel they get less respect, even at home. Quite a large number have no pension (退休金) because they have never worked outside the home, and thirty-eight percent are supported mainly by their husbands or children. Second, a larger number of old women than old men become widows (single women). Men are normally older than the women they marry, and women generally live longer than men. The remarriage among older widows is lower than that among widowers (single men). Statistics (统计) from 1990 in Shanghai show only 52 percent of elderly women with husbands still living, compared to (与……相比) 82 percent of men.
Because of lower incomes and the difficulty of remarriage, many elderly women who live alone, are poor and have almost no social life. Even an old couple lives with children, it is the woman who ends up doing the work ar
A. 27,000
B. 78,000
C. 72,000
D. 123,000
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