[单项选择]The market for (manufactured goods) is (which) economists call "imperfect," because each company has its own style; and all of the arts of advertisement and salesmanship are devoted (to making) it (even more imperfect) by attracting buyers to particular brand names.
A. manufactured goods
B. which
C. to making
D. even more imperfect

[填空题]The market for (manufactured goods) is (which) economists call "imperfect," because each company has its own style; and all of the arts of advertisement and salesmanship are devoted (to making) it (even more imperfect) by attracting buyers to particular brand names.

• A. manufactured goods
• B. which
• C. to making
• D. even more imperfect

[单项选择]The market for manufactured goods is what economists call "imperfect," because each company has its own style, its own reputation, and its own locations; and all of the arts of advertisement and salesmanship are devoted to making it even more imperfect by attracting buyers to particular brand names. Even small businesses that depend upon outside channels of retail distribution may have the final say in what prices they will charge, and great corporations can differentiate their goods in order to create demand of them.
In this type of market, supply normally is very elastic--that is responsive to demand--in the short run. Stocks or inventories are held at some point in the chain of distribution; while stocks are running down or building up, there is time to change the level of production, and once a price has been set, it is rarely altered in response to moderate changes in demand. Even in a deep slump, defensive rings may be formed to prevent price cutting.
In the long run, a
A. the distinctive style of each company
B. the attempts of advertisement to attract buyers to particular brand names
C. tendency for the prices of the same goods to equalize quickly
D. the freedom of small businesses to decide the prices they will charge

[单项选择]Passage Two In the foreign exchange market, which is made up of banks’ traders and brokers, prices _ 46 _ every minute _ 47 _ to supply and demand. For safety’s sake, a branch will get a rate from their traders for a big transaction. This process would be too cumbersome, however, for every small transaction. Therefore the traders give their branches lists of exchange rates _ 48 _ they may buy and sell notes and payments in the main currencies.Whenever a bank in Britain makes a payment in foreign currency, or makes a payment in sterling to a non - resident, the payment has first to _ 49 _ under British exchange control regulations. The bank itself can usually authorize the payment after seeing a document such as an invoice to show that the payment is due; but cases _ 50_ borrowing and lending have to be referred to the Bank of England.
A. alter
B. vary
C. turn
D. convert

[单项选择]The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done (47) ________ by women — ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing (48) ________ work — still need to be done by someone. Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a (49) ________ that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing "poverty of time " and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like. Although there is still a big wage (50) ________ between men and women, the income working women (51) ________ gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now (52) ________ about half of all cars. Not long ago, many car dealers (53) ________ women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that wo