[单项选择]TEXT D Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with w
A. the type of food.
B. social relations.
C. marital status
D. family ties.

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[单项选择]TEXT D Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with w
A. people who eat together.
B. the kinds of food served.
C. snacks and hamburgers.
D. family members and guests.

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[填空题]Every aspect of Viking culture was to some extent influenced by ships, including ______.

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Text 3
Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to refer to things or processes which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in expression. Such special dialects, or jargon, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Being universally understood by the devotees of the particular science or art, they have the precision of a mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of the English language than actually within its borders.
Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special
A. describe a phenomenon
B. argue about a belief
C. propose a solution
D. stimulate an action

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[单项选择]Text 4

Every culture attempts to create a "universe of discourse" for its members, a way in which people can interpret their experience and convey it to one another. Without a common system of codifying sensations, life would be absurd and all efforts to share meanings doomed to failure. This universe of discourse—one of the most precious of all cultural legacies—is transmitted to each generation in part consciously and in part unconsciously. Parents and teachers give explicit instruction in it by praising or criticizing certain ways of dressing, of thinking, of gesturing, of responding to the acts of others. But the most significant aspects of any cultural code may be conveyed implicitly, not by rule or lesson but through modeling behavior. A child is surrounded by others who, through the mere consistency of their actions as males and females,
A. creating a universe of discourse
B. imitating the behavior of others, especially those of the previous generation
C. sharing the same experiences with other people
D. taking in the various information we’re given with no discrimination

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Text
In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprises the whole vocabulary. First, there arc those words (26) which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we (27) , that is to say, from the (28) of our own family and from our familiar associates, and (29) we should know and use (30) we could not read or write. They (31) the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who (32) the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people (33) and are not exclusive (34) of a limited class.
On the other hand, our language (35) a multitude of words which are comparatively (36) used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little (37) to use them at home or in the market-place. Our first acquaintance with these words (38) A. theme
B. topic
C. idea
D. point

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