| Since the industrial revolution,
government, society, and industry have attempted to channel technological
progress in useful directions. Whether it is the printing press, the cotton gin
the automobile or the Internet, technological innovations often have profound
economic and social effects. To harness the benefits and minimize the more
harmful effects of new technologies, modern governments use four basic
approaches: specific direction, market incentives, criminal prohibition, and
behavior modification. Specific direction starts with governments identifying one or more key factors in the R&D phase. Then, using a variety of means ranging from administrative regulation to outright state ownership, the government seeks to control the implementation of the technology. Market incentives are the deliberate manipulation of the marke A. government funding in R&D period. B. complete centralization of power. C. direct administrative interference. D. identifying promising technology trends. [填空题]The Industrial Revolution was begun in Britain for 76. ______
many reason. Britain had valuable minerals like 77. ______ coal, iron, and tin of copper. Its farms are capable of 78. ______ provide food for its growing population and wool 79. ______ for its clothing industry. Many rivers, such as 80. ______ the Seven and Trent, suitable for boats, and 81. ______ heavy goods could be often sent with sea. 82. ______ Many European countries in the 18th century suffered 83. ______ wars where ravaged their land. Britain fought 84. ______ its war in abroad and gained large overseas markets. 85. ______ [简答题]Before the Industrial Revolution, there could have been few family reunions as we know this ceremony at the present time, with its assembling of infrequently-encountered but still familiar figures and the consequent going up to day with the events in other people’ s lives. Present-day impressions of this important occasion are of a strange blending of formalities, plain speaking, with a general lack of natural warmth.
[单项选择]Since the industrial revolution, government, society, and industry have attempted to channel technological progress in useful directions. Whether it is the printing press, the cotton gin (轧棉机), the automobile or the Internet, technological innovations (创新) often have profound economic and social effects. To control the benefits and minimize the more harmful effects of new technologies, modern governments use four basic approaches: specific direction, market incentives (刺激), criminal prohibition and behavior modification.
Specific direction starts with governments identifying one or more key factors in the R&D phase. Then, using a variety of means ranging from administrative regulation to complete state Ownership, the government seeks to control the implementation of the technology. Market incentives are the deliberate manipulation of the market by the government to control how a particularly technology is distributed and used. For example, some governments impose taxes to A. use the four strategies flexibly in different situations B. strengthen the government’s control in each sector C. reflect the cost of technology as much as possible in application D. reduce the cost of technology to protect consumers’ interests 我来回答: 提交
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