[简答题]Municipal sewage is of relatively recent origin as a pollutant. It was first brought to public attention in the 19th century by a London physician who showed that the city’s cholera outbreak had been caused by just one contaminated well. Even though the contamination of drinking water by disease germs has been nearly eliminated in this country, hundreds of communities are still discharging raw sewage into streams and rivers. The problem of municipal sewage disposal is complicated by the fact that, years ago, most cities combined their storm and waste disposal sewers. Many of these combined systems work well, but others cannot cope with sudden heavy rains. When such storms occur, water mixed with sewage may flood and disable treatment plants unless bypassed, untreated, into a stream. In either case, the people may have little protection for several days from these wastes that may contain disease germs. One consequence of pollution, usually resulting from the discharge of either raw

[名词解释]Municipal bonds

[简答题]sewage treatment plants

[填空题]A
Frederick Herzberg
Although relatively few contemporary management students will have read his books. Herzberg’s name is instantly recognizable to anyone who has studied industial organisations. This is because the American psychologist was responsible for introducing the concept of ’motivation’ into management thinking.
As a young man. Herzberg became deeply interested in mental illness and the human need for mental and emotional satisfaction. This led him to criticise the approach of many companies to job design, and to argue for the need for ’job enrichment’ to stimulate employees’ efforts.
B
John Adair
Adair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership. He was the first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership and has published a series of influential books on the subject.
Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in a Bedouin regiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat! His

[单项选择]Tenants of the municipal apartment block in Albury were given no prior ______ of the plans to sell the asset.
A. ownership
B. notice
C. existence
D. purpose

[单项选择]Urbanization Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. ____71____. In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history--- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning. ____72____.The process of urbanization--- the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. ____73____. Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-fiv

[单项选择]The underclass suffers from relatively high rates of unemployment, alcoholism, drug addiction, illiteracy, juvenile delinquency, and crime. For them, schools have deteriorated, and affordable housing is increasingly difficult to find. Neighborhoods lack adequate police protection, fire services, and shops, as well as hospitals, clinics, and other health-care facilities. Future prospects are especially bleak for the underclass because they are increasingly unable to compete for jobs. Inner-city residents lack the technical skills needed to obtain most jobs, because fewer than half complete high school. The gap between the skills typically demanded by employers and the training of inner-city residents is getting much larger. In the past, people with limited education could become factory workers or filing clerks, but today these jobs require knowledge of computing and handling electronics. Meanwhile, inner-city residents don’t even have access to the remaining low-skilled jobs, such
A. a greater concentration of middle-class residents in central cities
B. a sharp decline of the life quality in central cities
C. a boom in setting up factories and offices in central cities
D. a rapid development of public transportation

[填空题]A relatively high proportion of students decide to ______ in Newtown after graduating.

[单项选择]The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax（　）.
A. privileges
B. efficiency
C. revenues
D. validity

[单项选择]

As mentioned above, C imposes relatively few built - in ways of doing things on the program- mer. Some common tasks, such as manipulating (66) ,  (67) , and doing (68)  (I/O), are performed by calling on library functions. Other tasks which you might want to do, such as creating or listing directories, or interacting with a mouse, or displaying windows or other  (69) elements, or doing color graphics, are not defined by the C language at all. You can do these things from a C program, of course, but you will be calling on services which are peculiar to your programming environment (70) , processor, and operating system) and which are not defined by the C standard. Since this course is about portable C programming, it will also be steering clear of facilities not provided in all C environments.

（70）处应选择（）
A. gatherer
B. translator
C. generator
D. compiler